Public attitudes toward psychiatric treatment
Public attitudes toward psychiatric treatment
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DOI：
10.1007/s00127-005-0958-x
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Matschinger, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angermeyer, MC;Breier, P;Matschinger, H
目的比较精神卫生改革程度不同的3个国家的公众对精神病治疗的态度，探讨精神卫生保健状况与精神病学接受程度之间的关系。在斯洛伐克共和国布拉迪斯拉发和俄罗斯新西伯利亚进行了关于公众对精神疾病的信念和对精神病治疗态度的人口调查。这些数据与最近在德国进行的人口调查数据进行了比较。在所有三次调查中，采用了相同的抽样程序和完全结构化的访谈。虽然来自这三个国家的受访者同样倾向于寻求心理健康专业人员的帮助，但来自布拉迪斯拉发和新西伯利亚的受访者倾向于更频繁地建议与其他医疗或非医疗专业人员或外行支持系统的成员联系。在这三个国家，心理治疗是最受欢迎的治疗方式，其次是精神药物。虽然在布拉迪斯拉发和新西伯利亚，自然疗法更受欢迎，但冥想/瑜伽在德国公众中更受欢迎。在这三个国家中，将脑部疾病作为病因的认可与更愿意寻求医疗专业人员（精神病学家，全科医生）的帮助有关。采用生物学原因的受访者倾向于更频繁地推荐精神药物。在精神卫生保健系统欠发达的国家，公众似乎倾向于更频繁地依赖精神卫生部门以外的帮助来源和传统的“替代”治疗方法。然而，我们的预测是，随着改革的进展，分歧可能会进一步减少。
Aim In order to examine whether there is a relationship between the state of mental health care and the acceptance of psychiatry, public attitudes toward psychiatric treatment in three countries where the reform of mental health care has progressed to a different degree will be compared. Population surveys on public beliefs about mental illness and attitudes toward psychiatric treatment were conducted in Bratislava, Slovak Republic, and Novosibirsk, Russia. The data were compared with those from a population survey that had recently been carried out in Germany. In all three surveys, the same sampling procedure and fully structured interview were applied. Although respondents from all three countries were equally inclined to seek help from mental health professionals, those from Bratislava and Novosibirsk tended to recommend more frequently to address other medical or nonmedical professionals or members of the lay support system. In all three countries, psychotherapy was the most favored treatment modality, followed by psychotropic medication. Although natural remedies were more frequently recommended in Bratislava and Novosibirsk, meditation/yoga was more popular among the German public. Across all three countries, the endorsement of a brain disease as cause was associated with a greater willingness to seek help from medical professionals (psychiatrist, GP). Respondents who adopted biological causes tended to recommend psychotropic medication more frequently. In countries with less developed mental health care systems, there appears to be a tendency of the public toward more frequently relying on helping sources outside the mental health sector and on traditional "alternative" treatment methods. However, it is our prognosis that with the progress of reforms observed, differences may further decrease.