Complex Sentences in an Elementary Science Curriculum: A Research Note
Complex Sentences in an Elementary Science Curriculum: A Research Note
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基础科学课程中的复杂句子：研究笔记
DOI：
10.1044/2019_lshss-19-00064
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Curran, Maura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Curran, Maura
目的小学生应该参与科学学习环境，这些环境对某些类型的语法结构（包括复合句）的技能有很高的要求。本研究报告旨在澄清在小学通识教育科学课程中明显存在的复杂句子类型，以帮助临床医生和其他人更好地理解课堂上科学学习的具体语言需求。方法：我分析了儿童课文中的所有句子，并建议教师从一年级、三年级和五年级的科学单元中编写与“下一代科学标准”相一致的常用通识教育课程。我们确定了每种材料类型（文本、教师脚本）和年级水平出现的复合句的频率和类型。结果复句在所有年级教师的课文和建议脚本中都很明显。在儿童阅读中，三年级和五年级的课文中出现复合句的比例高于一年级的课文。补语从句在三年级和五年级的课文中普遍存在，状语和关系从句在三年级和五年级的课文中比在一年级的课文中更常见。结论在整个小学阶段，儿童都被要求阅读和听复合句。语言病理学家应该意识到通识教育科学课程可能对不同年龄的学生提出的语言要求。
PurposeElementary school students are expected to participate in science learning settings that place high demands on skill with certain types of grammatical structures, including complex sentences. This research note aims to clarify the types of complex sentences that are evident in a general education science curriculum across the elementary school years in order to assist clinicians and others in better understanding the specific language demands of science learning in the classroom.MethodI analyzed all sentences within children's texts and suggested teacher scripting from the first-, third-, and fifth-grade science units of a commonly used general education curriculum aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards. We determined the frequency and type of complex sentences that were present for each type of material (text, teacher scripts) and grade level.ResultsComplex sentences are evident in both children's texts and suggested scripting provided to teachers at all grade levels. The rate of complex sentences in children's readings is higher in third- and fifth-grade texts than in first-grade texts. Complement clauses are common throughout, and adverbial and relative clauses are more frequent in third- and fifth-grade texts than in first-grade texts.ConclusionsChildren are expected to read and listen to complex sentences across the elementary school years. Speech-language pathologists should be aware of the language demands that general education science curricula may pose to students at different ages.