Perceived Responses, Capitalization, and Daily Gratitude: Do Age and Closeness Matter?
Perceived Responses, Capitalization, and Daily Gratitude: Do Age and Closeness Matter?
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DOI：
10.1037/emo0001301
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发表时间：
2023-10-16
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
English，Tammy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray，Alexandra M.;Growney，Claire M.;English，Tammy
成功的资本化和感激之情都取决于社会伙伴的感知反应，但它们的组合研究不足，并且尚未在日常背景下共同研究。本研究采用一种新的方法来研究资本化，探讨了日常资本化对瞬时感恩的影响，并调查了资本化者对资本化尝试的典型感知反应（PRCA）对日常感恩和未来资本化尝试的作用。年龄和社会亲密程度被作为放大器来研究，因为老年人优先考虑积极的情感体验，并且更常见的是与更亲近的人一起利用，对他们来说，资本家的好消息很突出，因此他们有动力为资本家提供支持。年龄 25-85 岁的参与者 (N= 290) 完成了一项性状水平调查，随后进行了为期 10 天的生态瞬时评估调查（每天六次）。结果表明，人们在利用时，尤其是在与亲密程度高的社交伙伴互动时，会感受到更高的日常感激之情。那些具有较高积极建设性 PRCA 特质的人也经历了更高的日常感恩，这种效应在老年人中得到加强。感知到的反应也与在日常生活中更多地尝试利用有关。这项研究表明，参与大写并感知对大写尝试的定期热情和支持性反应对日常情绪和行为都有好处。值得注意的是，对大写尝试的定期热情回应可能是成年后未来尝试的动力，但它特别有可能在老年时培养感激之情。
Successful capitalization and feelings of gratitude are both dependent upon perceived responsiveness of a social partner, but they are understudied in combination and have yet to be studied jointly in a daily context. Taking a new approach to studying capitalization, the current study examines the effect of daily capitalization on momentary gratitude and investigates the role of the capitalizer’s typical perceived responses to capitalization attempts (PRCA) on daily gratitude and future capitalization attempts. Age and social closeness are studied as amplifiers, as older adults prioritize positive emotional experiences and it is more common to capitalize with closer others for whom the capitalizer’s good news is salient and who are thus motivated to provide support to the capitalizer. Participants (N= 290) aged 25–85 years completed a trait-level survey followed by ecological momentary assessment surveys (six per day) for 10 days. Results demonstrate that people experienced higher daily gratitude when capitalizing, especially when interacting with a social partner rated as high in closeness. Those who had higher trait active–constructive PRCA also experienced higher daily gratitude, with this effect strengthened among older adults. Perceived responses were also associated with more attempts to capitalize in daily life. This work suggests engaging in capitalization and perceiving regular enthusiastic and supportive responses to one’s capitalization attempts have daily emotional and behavioral benefits. Notably, regular enthusiastic responses to capitalization attempts may be a motivator for future attempts across adulthood, but it may be particularly likely to foster feelings of gratitude in old age.