Upgrading, Relocating, Informalising? Local Strategies in the Era of Globalisation : The Thai Garment Industry
Upgrading, Relocating, Informalising? Local Strategies in the Era of Globalisation : The Thai Garment Industry
复制标题
升级、搬迁、非正式化？
DOI：
10.1080/00472336.2013.794365
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kenta Goto and Tamaki Endo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yukichika Kawata;Janis Baumanis and Janis Ozolins;Yukichika Kawata;河田幸視;Yukichika Kawata;Yukichika Kawata;Yukichika Kawata;Yukichika Kawata;Yukichika Kawata;Yukichika Kawata and Janis Ozolins;河田幸視;河田幸視;Yasuhiko Nakamura;Yasuhiko Nakamura and Masayuki Saito;Kenta Goto and Tamaki Endo
服装业曾经是泰国以制造业为基础的主要出口部门。虽然自1990年代以来，主要由于工资水平的提高，其国际竞争力一直在下降，但它仍然是许多工人的重要收入来源。鉴于这一事实，我们看看服装供应商采取了什么样的生存战略。特别是，本文将审查泰国服装业从全球价值链的角度来看，并确定是否升级的过程中，产品或功能已经发生。在此背景下，本文表明，泰国服装业在工艺和产品升级方面一直停滞不前。这反过来又促使供应商迁往农村地区，因为那里更容易获得廉价劳动力，包括移民劳动力。我们试图使用未发表的数据提供一个更有证据的帐户，这一工业搬迁。在更加面向当地的生产网络中，已经出现了功能升级;然而，在这些功能中的竞争也增加了，导致了基于价格的竞争和网络协调者的经济租金的侵蚀。本文进一步认为，非正规化在生产和就业关系中越来越普遍，并得出结论认为，从长远来看，这种战略可能是不可行的。
The garment industry was once the leading manufacturing-based export sector of Thailand. While its international competitiveness has been diminishing since the 1990s primarily due to increases in wage levels, it nevertheless remains an important source of income for a large number of workers. Given this fact, we look at what survival strategies garment suppliers have adopted. In particular, this paper will examine the Thai garment industry from a global value chains perspective, and determine whether upgrading in process, products or functions has occurred. In this context, the paper shows that the Thai garment industry has been stagnating in terms of process and product upgrading. This, in turn, has induced suppliers to move to rural areas where cheaper labour, including migrant labour, is more readily available. We attempt to provide a more evidence-based account of this industrial relocation using unpublished data. Functional upgrading in more locally oriented production networks has occurred; however, competition in such functions has also increased, leading to price-based competition and the erosion of economic rents of network co-ordinators. The paper further argues that informalisation is becoming more common in production and employment relationships, and concludes that such strategies may not be viable in the long run.