Effects of high NaHCO_3 alkalinity on growth, tissue structure, digestive enzyme activity, and gut microflora of grass carp juvenile
Effects of high NaHCO_3 alkalinity on growth, tissue structure, digestive enzyme activity, and gut microflora of grass carp juvenile
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-023-28083-x
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发表时间：
2023-06
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Jian Wen;Song-lin Chen;Wenya Xu;Guo‐Dong Zheng;S. Zou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jian Wen;Song-lin Chen;Wenya Xu;Guo‐Dong Zheng;S. Zou
随着淡水资源的逐渐减少，淡水养殖的可用空间正在缩小。因此，盐碱水养殖已成为满足日益增长的需求的重要方法。本研究调查了碱性水对草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idella）生长性能、组织（鳃、肝脏和肾脏）、消化酶活性和肠道微生物的影响。使用碳酸氢钠（18 mmol/L (LAW)、32 mmol/L (HAW)）设置水族箱条件来模拟碱性水环境。淡水组为对照组（FW）。实验鱼养殖了 60 天。结果表明，NaHCO3碱性胁迫显着降低生长性能，引起鳃片、肝脏和肾脏组织结构形态的改变，并导致肠道胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶淀粉酶活性降低（P<0.05）。 16S rRNA 序列分析表明，碱度影响优势细菌门和属的丰度。碱性条件下变形菌门显着减少，厚壁菌门显着增加（P< 0.05）。此外，碱性条件显着降低了参与蛋白质、氨基酸和碳水化合物代谢、细胞运输、细胞分解和环境信息处理的细菌的丰度。相反，在碱性条件下，与脂质代谢、能量代谢、有机系统和疾病功能菌群相关的细菌丰度显着增加（P<0.05）。总之，这项综合研究表明，碱度胁迫对草鱼幼鱼的生长性能产生了不利影响，这可能是由于组织损伤、肠道消化酶活性降低以及肠道微生物改变所致。
With the gradual decrease in freshwater resources, the available space for freshwater aquaculture is diminishing. As a result, saline-alkaline water aquaculture has emerged as a crucial method to fulfill the increasing demand. This study investigates the impact of alkaline water on the growth performance, tissues (gill, liver, and kidney), digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal microbiology in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The aquarium conditions were set with sodium bicarbonate (18 mmol/L (LAW), 32 mmol/L (HAW)) to simulate the alkaline water environment. A freshwater group was the control (FW). The experimental fish were cultured for 60 days. The findings revealed that NaHCO3alkaline stress significantly reduced growth performance, caused alterations in the structural morphology of gill lamellae, liver, and kidney tissues, and led to decreased activity of intestinal trypsin and lipase amylase (P< 0.05). Analysis of 16S rRNA sequences demonstrated that alkalinity influenced the abundance of dominant bacterial phyla and genera. Proteobacteria showed a significant decrease under alkaline conditions, while Firmicutes exhibited a significant increase (P< 0.05). Furthermore, alkalinity conditions significantly reduced the abundance of bacteria involved in protein, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism, cell transport, cell decomposition, and environmental information processing. Conversely, the abundance of bacteria associated with lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, organic systems, and disease functional flora increased significantly under alkalinity conditions (P< 0.05). In conclusion, this comprehensive study indicates that alkalinity stress adversely affected the growth performance of juvenile grass carp, likely due to tissue damage, reduced activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, and alterations in intestinal microorganisms.