CHILDHOOD BLINDNESS IN INDIA - CAUSES IN 1318 BLIND SCHOOL STUDENTS IN 9 STATES
CHILDHOOD BLINDNESS IN INDIA - CAUSES IN 1318 BLIND SCHOOL STUDENTS IN 9 STATES
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DOI：
10.1038/eye.1995.137
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
FOSTER, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
RAHI, JS;SRIPATHI, S;FOSTER, A
据估计，印度至少有20万儿童患有严重视力障碍或失明，约有15000名儿童在盲人学校就读。虽然这只占印度估计的500万盲人的一小部分，但从“盲年”的角度来看，这一数字意义重大。消除儿童失明的战略需要准确的病因数据，以便将资源分配给适当的预防和治疗服务，因为在这个工业化国家的不同领域，社会经济因素各不相同，数据应该代表整个国家。这是印度利用世界卫生组织/PBL项目的失明和低视力儿童记录在印度进行的第一项多邦研究。来自9个不同地理区域的9个州的22所学校的1411名儿童接受了眼科医生和验光师的检查。在1318名重度视力受损或失明(SVI/BL)儿童中，导致SVI/BL的主要原因是：(1)角膜葡萄肿、瘢痕和球肺结核(主要由维生素A缺乏引起)占26.4%，(2)小眼球、无眼球和缺损占20.7%，(3)视网膜营养不良和白化病(19.3%)，(4)白内障、未矫正的无晶状体眼和弱视(12.3%)。这种原因的混合模式介于发展中国家和工业化国家的模式之间。查明的原因表明，在印度，预防性公共卫生战略和儿科眼科和眼科专科服务在管理儿童失明方面都很重要。
It is estimated that at least 200 000 children in India have severe visual impairment or blindness and approximately 15 000 are in schools for the blind. Although this represents a small percentage of the estimated 5 million blind in India, it is significant in terms of 'blind-years'. Strategies to combat childhood blindness require accurate data on the causes to allocate resources to appropriate preventive and curative services, Since socio-economic factors vary in different areas of this industrialising country data should be representative of the country as a whole. This is the first multi-state study to be undertaken in India using the Record for Children with Blindness and Low Vision from the World Health Organization/PBL Programme. A total of 1411 children in 22 schools from nine states in different geographical zones;were examined by an ophthalmologist and optometrist. Of these, 1318 children were severely visually impaired or blind (SVI/BL), The major causes of SVI/BL in this study were: (1) corneal staphyloma, scar and phthisis bulbi (mainly attributable to vitamin A deficiency) in 26.4%; (2) microphthalmos, anophthalmos and coloboma in 20.7%; (3) retinal dystrophies and albinism in 19.3%; and (4) cataract, uncorrected aphakia and amblyopia in 12.3%. This mixed pattern of causes lies in an intermediate position between the patterns seen in developing countries and those seen in industrialised countries. The causes identified indicate the importance both of preventive public health strategies and of specialist paediatric ophthalmic and optical services in the management of childhood blindness in India.