THE SVERDLOVSK ANTHRAX OUTBREAK OF 1979
THE SVERDLOVSK ANTHRAX OUTBREAK OF 1979
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DOI：
10.1126/science.7973702
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发表时间：
1994-11-18
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
YAMPOLSKAYA, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MESELSON, M;GUILLEMIN, J;YAMPOLSKAYA, O
1979年4月和5月，苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟斯维尔德洛夫斯克发生了一场罕见的炭疽流行。苏联官员将其归因于食用了受污染的肉类。美国机构将其归因于吸入了该市一家军事微生物设施意外释放的孢子。流行病学数据显示，大多数受害者工作或生活在从军事设施延伸到南部城市边界的狭窄区域。再往南，沿着区域延伸轴的牲畜死于炭疽。该区域与疫情爆发前不久盛行的北风平行。结论是军事设施中炭疽病原体气溶胶的逸出导致了这次爆发。
In April and May 1979, an unusual anthrax epidemic occurred in Sverdlovsk, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Soviet officials attributed it to consumption of contaminated meat. U.S. agencies attributed it to inhalation of spores accidentally released at a military microbiology facility in the city. Epidemiological data show that most victims worked or lived in a narrow zone extending from the military facility to the southern city limit. Farther south, livestock died of anthrax along the zone's extended axis. The zone paralleled the northerly wind that prevailed shortly before the outbreak. It is concluded that the escape of an aerosol of anthrax pathogen at the military facility caused the outbreak.