Identification of the Sex Pheromone of the Spherical Mealybug Nipaecoccus viridis
Identification of the Sex Pheromone of the Spherical Mealybug Nipaecoccus viridis
复制标题
绿色粉蚧性信息素的鉴定
DOI：
10.1007/s10886-019-01075-3
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
R. Kaspi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anat Levi;Sara Steiner;Daniela Fefer;R. Kaspi
球形粉蚧 Nipaecoccus viridis 是几种主要作物的害虫，包括大豆、葡萄和柑橘品种。 N的无梗处女雌性。 virid 释放两种挥发物，2,2,3,4-四甲基-3-环戊烯-1-甲醇 (γ-necrodol) 和 γ-necrodyl 异丁酸酯，按昼夜节律释放，峰值出现在 17:00（光相 11 小时），通过自动连续固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱分析测定。雌性从5至6天到10-12天，随着年龄的增长，释放量增加了约七倍。西班牙薰衣草Lavandula luisieri精油中发现的反式3,4,5,5-四甲基-2-环戊烯-1-甲醇（反式-α-necrodol）和反式-α-necrodyl乙酸酯被重新排列为γ-necrodol，然后用于合成γ-异丁酸necrodyl。 GC-MS 和 NMR 数据证实了鉴定结果。在培养皿生物测定中，N. viridismales 被γ-necrodyl 异丁酸酯浸渍的滤纸盘显着吸引，但不是γ-necrodol 或对照。这两种化合物的混合物并不比单独的γ-necrodyl异丁酸酯更有吸引力。诱捕飞行成虫也获得了类似的结果，表明性信息素仅由γ-necrodyl isobutyrate 组成。此前尚未在昆虫中报道过这种化合物。薰衣草精油中α-necrodol的转化简化了性信息素的合成，并应允许其用于管理这种世界性的入侵性害虫。
The spherical mealybugNipaecoccus viridisis a pest of several major crops including soybeans, grapes and citrus varieties. Sessile virgin females ofN. viridisrelease two volatiles, 2,2,3,4–tetramethyl–3–cyclopentene–1–methanol (γ–necrodol) andγ–necrodyl isobutyrate, on a circadian rhythm with peak at 17:00 (11 hr of photophase) as determined by automated, sequential solid phase micro extraction with gas chromatography−mass spectrometry analysis. The females increased the released amounts with age by about seven–fold from 5 to 6 d to 10–12 d of age.trans–3,4,5,5–Tetramethyl–2–cyclopentene–1–methanol (trans–α–necrodol) andtrans–α–necrodyl acetate, found in essential oil of Spanish lavender,Lavandula luisieri, were rearranged toγ–necrodol and then used to synthesizeγ–necrodyl isobutyrate. GC–MS and NMR data confirmed the identifications. In a petri dish bioassay,N. viridismales were significantly attracted to filter paper discs impregnated withγ–necrodyl isobutyrate but not toγ–necrodol or controls. A mixture of the two compounds was not more attractive thanγ–necrodyl isobutyrate alone. Similar results were obtained with trapping flying adults, suggesting that the sex pheromone consists only ofγ–necrodyl isobutyrate. This compound has not been reported previously in insects. Conversion ofα–necrodol in lavender essential oil simplifies the synthesis of the sex pheromone and should allow its use in management of this cosmopolitan invasive pest.