The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in metastatic prostate cancer to the skeleton.
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in metastatic prostate cancer to the skeleton.
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/418340
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Quan GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roberts E;Cossigny DA;Quan GM
尽管前列腺癌具有临床意义且骨和脊柱转移发生率高，但其骨和脊柱转移的分子机制尚不清楚。本文就前列腺癌高转移表型的分子机制作一综述。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）等促血管生成因子已被证明不仅有助于前列腺癌的转移能力，而且还促进前列腺肿瘤细胞在骨骼中的定植和生长。本文讨论了VEGF在前列腺癌向骨骼扩散的复杂过程中的重要性，包括其在骨转移前生态位的发展、骨转移肿瘤细胞识别和骨重塑中的作用。VEGF的表达在前列腺癌中也被证明是上调的，并且与临床分期、Gleason评分、肿瘤分期、进展、转移和生存有关。由于VEGF对肿瘤血管生成、肿瘤细胞增殖和骨破坏的多方面影响，针对VEGF途径的治疗已显示出良好的临床应用前景，并正在临床试验中进行研究。
Despite the clinical implication and high incidence of bone and spinal metastases, the molecular mechanisms behind prostate cancer metastasis to bone and spine are not well understood. In this review the molecular mechanisms that may contribute to the highly metastatic phenotype of prostate cancer are discussed. Proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been shown to not only aid in the metastatic capabilities of prostate cancer but also encourage the colonization and growth of prostate tumour cells in the skeleton. The importance of VEGF in the complex process of prostate cancer dissemination to the skeleton is discussed, including its role in the development of the bone premetastatic niche, metastatic tumour cell recognition of bone, and bone remodeling. The expression of VEGF has also been shown to be upregulated in prostate cancer and is associated with clinical stage, Gleason score, tumour stage, progression, metastasis, and survival. Due to the multifaceted effect VEGF has on tumour angiogenesis, tumour cell proliferation, and bone destruction, therapies targeting the VEGF pathways have shown promising clinical application and are being investigated in clinical trials.