The Epidemiology of Hypertension in Uganda: Findings from the National Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factor Survey
The Epidemiology of Hypertension in Uganda: Findings from the National Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factor Survey
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0138991
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发表时间：
2015-09-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bahendeka, Silver K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guwatudde, David;Mutungi, Gerald;Bahendeka, Silver K.
背景高血压是全球疾病负担和死亡率的重要贡献者，并且是撒哈拉以南非洲日益严重的公共卫生问题。然而，大多数撒哈拉以南非洲国家缺乏关于高血压和其他非传染性疾病风险因素的详细全国数据，无法为设计适当的干预措施提供基准信息。我们分析了2014年进行的乌干达全国性非传染性疾病风险因素调查的血压数据，描述了乌干达人口中高血压的患病率和分布，并确定了相关的factors.MethodsThe非传染性疾病风险因素调查绘制了一个全国范围内的样本，由该国的四个地区分层，并分别估计农村和城市地区。世界卫生组织的STEPs工具被用来收集关于人口和行为特征以及物理和生物化学测量的数据。患病率比（PRR）使用修改后的毒药回归模型，以确定与高血压相关的因素。ResultsOf的3906名参与者，1033被归类为高血压，给26.4%的总体患病率。中部地区的流行率最高，为28.5%，其次是东部地区，为26.4%，西部地区为26.3%，北方地区为23.3%。城市地区的患病率为28.9%，农村地区为25.8%。各地区之间以及城乡之间的差异在统计上不显著。只有7.7%的高血压患者知道自己的高血压。高血压前期的患病率也很高，为36.9%。发现与高血压相关的唯一可变因素是较高的体重指数（BMI）。与BMI低于25 kg/m（2）的参与者相比，BMI在25至29.9 kg/m（2）之间的参与者的患病率显着更高，调整后的PRR = 1.46 [95%CI = 1.25-1.71]，肥胖受试者（BMI >= 30 kg/m2）中甚至更高，调整后的PRR = 1.60 [95%CI = 1.29-1.99]。发现与高血压相关的不可修改的因素是年龄较大，调整后的PRR为1.02 [95%CI = 1.02-1.03]每年增加age.ConclusionsThe高血压的患病率在乌干达是高的，没有显着差异的地理位置分布。只有7.7%的高血压患者知道自己患有高血压，这表明未诊断和未控制的高血压负担很高。因此，高血压患者中有很大比例的人处于高血压相关心血管非传染性疾病的高风险之中。
BackgroundHypertension is an important contributor to global burden of disease and mortality, and is a growing public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. However, most sub-Saharan African countries lack detailed countrywide data on hypertension and other non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk factors that would provide benchmark information for design of appropriate interventions. We analyzed blood pressure data from Uganda's nationwide NCD risk factor survey conducted in 2014, to describe the prevalence and distribution of hypertension in the Ugandan population, and to identify the associated factors.MethodsThe NCD risk factor survey drew a countrywide sample stratified by the four regions of the country, and with separate estimates for rural and urban areas. The World Health Organization's STEPs tool was used to collect data on demographic and behavioral characteristics, and physical and biochemical measurements. Prevalence rate ratios (PRR) using modified Poison regression modelling was used to identify factors associated with hypertension.ResultsOf the 3906 participants, 1033 were classified as hypertensive, giving an overall prevalence of 26.4%. Prevalence was highest in the central region at 28.5%, followed by the eastern region at 26.4%, western region at 26.3%, and northern region at 23.3%. Prevalence in urban areas was 28.9%, and 25.8% in rural areas. The differences between regions, and between rural-urban areas were not statistically significant. Only 7.7% of participants with hypertension were aware of their high blood pressure. The prevalence of pre-hypertension was also high at 36.9%. The only modifiable factor found to be associated with hypertension was higher body mass index (BMI). Compared to participants with BMI less than 25 kg/m(2), prevalence was significantly higher among participants with BMI between 25 to 29.9 kg/m(2) with an adjusted PRR = 1.46 [95% CI = 1.25-1.71], and even higher among obese participants (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2)) with an adjusted PRR = 1.60 [95% CI = 1.29-1.99]. The un-modifiable factor found to be associated with hypertension was older age with an adjusted PRR of 1.02 [95% CI = 1.02-1.03] per yearly increase in age.ConclusionsThe prevalence of hypertension in Uganda is high, with no significant differences in distribution by geographical location. Only 7.7% of persons with hypertension were aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure. Thus a big percentage of persons with hypertension are at high risk of hypertension-related cardiovascular NCDs.