Ceratocystis species: emerging pathogens of non-native plantation Eucalyptus and Acacia species
Ceratocystis species: emerging pathogens of non-native plantation Eucalyptus and Acacia species
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DOI：
10.2989/sf.2009.71.2.5.820
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Wingfield, M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roux, J.;Wingfield, M. J.
真菌Ceratcystis属包括许多经济上重要的树木病原菌。直到20世纪80年代，这种植物病原体还没有从非本地种植的林业物种中被发现。然而，在过去的20年里，已经有一些关于Ceratcystis spp的报道。导致来自世界各地的非本土种植园种植的林业物种死亡。受影响的树木包括澳大利亚相思树。和桉树(Eucalyptus spp.)首次报道由一种Ceratcystis sp.引起的疾病。不到10年前，中非人在桉树上发现了这种疾病，此后不久，巴西就报告了这种疾病。随后，非洲、南美洲和亚洲又出现了一些关于Ceratcystis疾病的其他报告。这些疾病的特点是树木迅速枯萎和死亡，据报道，它们会影响到矮树干和成熟的树木。在许多情况下，感染与修剪伤口或其他机械损伤有关。该病原菌已被报道为Ceratcystis fimbriata s.l，但桉树的病原菌很可能代表了一些以前未描述的物种。革囊藻(Ceratcystis spp.)由木材和树皮相关的昆虫传播，通常是那些访问新鲜伤口的昆虫，它们充当感染法庭。这些真菌侵染木质组织，产生水果的香味，这对昆虫很有吸引力。这样，它们可以很容易地在国家和大陆之间传播，从而构成相当大的检疫威胁。角孢子藻的生物学特性是这样的，由这类真菌引起的疾病在未来可能会变得更加常见。
The fungal genus Ceratocystis includes many economically important tree pathogens. Until the 1980s, this genus of plant pathogens was not known from non-native plantation-grown forestry species. However, during the course of the last 20 years, a number of reports have been made of Ceratocystis spp. causing death of non-native plantation-grown forestry species from several locations worldwide. Affected trees include both Australian Acacia spp. and Eucalyptus spp. The first report of disease caused by a Ceratocystis sp. on Eucalyptus was made less than 10 years ago from Central Africa and, shortly thereafter, the disease was reported from Brazil. Subsequently, a number of other reports of Ceratocystis diseases have emerged from Africa, South America and Asia. These diseases are characterised by rapid wilt and death of trees and they have been reported to affect coppice stems as well as mature trees. In many cases, infection is associated with pruning wounds or other mechanical damage. The causal agent has been reported as Ceratocystis fimbriata s.l., but the Eucalyptus pathogen most likely represents a number of previously undescribed species. Ceratocystis spp. are vectored by wood-and bark-associated insects and typically those that visit fresh wounds, which act as infection courts. The fungi infect woody tissue and produce fruity aromas, which are attractive to insects. In this way, they can easily spread between countries and continents, thus posing a considerable quarantine threat. The biology of Ceratocystis spp. is such that diseases caused by this group of fungi are likely to become more common in the future.