National survey of the health and nutrition of schoolchildren in Ethiopia
National survey of the health and nutrition of schoolchildren in Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02168.x
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lee, Seung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, Andrew;Kassa, Tamiru;Lee, Seung
估计埃塞俄比亚学龄儿童慢性健康和营养状况的普遍程度。横断面调查在每个地区的学校按大小比例随机抽取，然后随机抽取每个学校3年级和4年级的50-68名学生。检查儿童是否有微量营养素缺乏和慢性感染的迹象；称重和测量的；提供粪便样本诊断肠道寄生虫感染；并就他们最近的饮食和卫生习惯接受了采访。在埃塞俄比亚所有11个地区的142所学校中，共有7572名儿童接受了研究。近17%的儿童是孤儿。发育迟缓的患病率为22.3%，23.1%的儿童相对于年龄而言偏瘦，但这些可能被低估了，因为有证据表明，儿童入学时可能是根据身高来估计年龄的。考虑到海拔高度，只有不到10%的儿童患有贫血症。沙眼的总体患病率为13%，上学前洗脸的儿童患沙眼的风险低于不洗脸的儿童。报告前一天吃过水果或蔬菜的儿童患干眼症的风险也低于没有吃过水果或蔬菜的儿童。只有30%的儿童感染了肠道蠕虫。沙眼是一个问题，但贫血和肠道蠕虫在埃塞俄比亚学童中相对罕见。这些数据为制定学校卫生政策和方案提供了基础。
To estimate the prevalence of chronic health and nutritional conditions of schoolchildren in Ethiopia.Cross-sectional survey in schools in each region randomly selected in proportion to size, then a random sample of 50-68 children in grades 3 and 4 in each school. Children were examined for signs of micronutrient deficiencies and chronic infections; weighed and measured; provided a faecal sample to diagnose intestinal parasitic infections; and were interviewed about their recent diet and hygiene practices.A total of 7572 children were studied in 142 schools in all 11 regions of Ethiopia. Nearly 17% of children were orphans. The prevalence of stunting was 22.3% and 23.1% of children were thin for age, but these may be underestimates as there was evidence that age may have been estimated based on stature when children enrol in school. Just under 10% of children were anaemic when altitude was accounted for. The overall prevalence of trachoma was 13% and children who washed their face before school were at lower risk of trachoma than children who had not. Children who reported that they had eaten fruits or vegetables the day before also had a lower risk of xerophthalmia than children who had not. Only 30% of children were infected with intestinal worms.Trachoma is a problem but anaemia and intestinal worms are relatively uncommon in Ethiopian schoolchildren. These data provide a basis for developing a school health policy and programmes.