Attentional Biases for Threat in At-Risk Daughters and Mothers With Lifetime Panic Disorder
Attentional Biases for Threat in At-Risk Daughters and Mothers With Lifetime Panic Disorder
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DOI：
10.1037/a0028052
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Bradley, Brendan P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mogg, Karin;Wilson, Kimberly A.;Bradley, Brendan P.
父母患有惊恐障碍（PD）的孩子患焦虑症的风险很高。然而，风险传递的机制是不确定的。焦虑的认知模型表明，信息处理偏差是焦虑脆弱性的基础；特别是对威胁的注意偏见。因此，本研究考察了终身PD母亲及其女儿（9-14岁）的注意偏倚。研究招募了60对母女二人组（n = 120）；一半的母亲终生患有帕金森病（即现在或过去患有帕金森病），一半的母亲没有精神病史。注意偏差的评估使用视觉探测任务与图像和文字刺激有关的身体健康威胁。通过改变刺激持续时间来检验注意偏差（初始定向和维持注意）的时间过程。结果显示，与没有PD病史的母亲的女儿相比，终身PD母亲的女儿对威胁的注意偏倚。具体来说，在1250毫秒（而不是500毫秒）的较长刺激持续时间下，处于危险中的女儿对身体健康威胁线索（文字和图片）有注意偏差。此外，女孩对威胁的注意偏见与对身体健康威胁的担忧增加有关。终生PD母亲与无PD病史母亲在注意偏倚指标上无显著差异。这些发现是根据对处于危险中的女孩的注意力威胁监测策略进行讨论的，并反驳了焦虑相关的注意力处理方式在代际间有简单传递的观点。
Children of parents with panic disorder (PD) have high risk for developing anxiety disorders. However, the mechanisms involved in transmission of risk are uncertain. Cognitive models of anxiety propose that information-processing biases underlie anxiety vulnerability; in particular, attentional biases for threat. Consequently, this study examined attentional biases in mothers with lifetime PD and their daughters (aged 9-14 years). Sixty mother-daughter dyads (n = 120) were recruited to the study; half the mothers had lifetime PD (i.e., either a current or past history of PD), and half had no psychiatric history. Attentional biases were assessed using a visual-probe task with pictorial and word stimuli related to physical-health threat. Stimulus duration was varied to examine the time-course of attentional biases (initial orienting and maintained attention). Results showed an attentional bias for threat in daughters of mothers with lifetime PD, compared with daughters of mothers with no PD history. Specifically, at-risk daughters had an attentional bias for physical-health threat cues (words and pictures) at the longer stimulus duration of 1250 ms (but not at 500 ms). In addition, attentional bias for threat in girls was associated with increased physical-health threat worries. Mothers with lifetime PD did not significantly differ from mothers with no PD history on the indices of attentional bias. The findings are discussed in terms of an attentional threat-monitoring strategy in at-risk girls and argue against the view that there is simple transmission of an anxiety-related attentional processing style across generations.