Resilience in the face of potential trauma
Resilience in the face of potential trauma
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00347.x
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Bonanno, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bonanno, GA
直到最近，暴露在潜在创伤性事件中的成年人的弹性被认为是罕见的。要么是病态的，要么是异常健康的。然而，最近的研究表明，暴露在这类事件中的成年人最常见的反应是相对稳定的健康功能模式，以及对积极情绪和生成性体验的持久能力。一个令人惊讶的发现是，并不存在单一的弹性类型。相反，似乎有多种有时出乎意料的方式来保持弹性，有时弹性是通过在正常情况下不完全适应的方式实现的。例如，惯于使用自我强化偏见的人往往会承担社会责任，但在面对极端逆境时会表现出韧性。展望了进一步研究的方向。
Until recently, resilience among adults exposed to potentially traumatic events was thought to occur rarely and in. either pathological or exceptionally healthy individuals. Recent research indicates, however, that the most common reaction among adults exposed to such events is a relatively stable pattern of healthy functioning coupled with the enduring capacity for positive emotion and generative experiences. A surprising finding is that there is no single resilient type. Rather, there appear to be multiple and sometimes unexpected ways to be resilient, and sometimes resilience is achieved by means that are not fully adaptive under normal circumstances. For example, people who characteristically use self-enhancing biases often incur social liabilities but show resilient outcomes when confronted with extreme adversity. Directions for further research are considered.