Amorphous fluoropolymers ‐ a new generation of products
Amorphous fluoropolymers ‐ a new generation of products
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非晶态含氟聚合物——新一代产品
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发表时间：
1994
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通讯作者：
P. Kořínek
中科院分区：
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作者：
P. Kořínek
聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）是一种具有化学惰性、耐热性、电绝缘性和低摩擦系数的塑料。它的高熔体粘度需要特殊的加工方法。这一事实导致了可熔融加工的含氟聚合物的发展，如全氟乙烯-丙烯（FEP）和全氟烷氧基（PFA）。现在我们有了第三代，它是一种无定形的氟聚合物，它是由2，2-双（三氟甲基）-4，5-二氟-1，3-二氧杂环戊烯共聚而成的。庞大的环状结构阻止了PTFE聚合物的正常结晶。所述无定形含氟聚合物具有高透明度并溶解于所选溶剂中。具有C-F、C-C和C-O键，保留了众所周知的高温和耐化学性。介电常数范围为1.83 - 1.93，最高可达10.00 MHz，是所有塑料材料中最低的。光学性质也很特殊。折射率非常低，在1.29 - 1.32的范围内。从UV到IR的透射率高，并且聚合物不会光降解。独特的电学和光学特性，加上高化学和热稳定性，以及从溶液中工作的能力，为那些在技术前沿工作的人提供了一个强大的工具。
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) already known since 50 years, Is a unique material among plastics due to its chemical inertness, heat resistance, electrical insulation properties and low coefficient of friction. Its high melt viscosity needs special ways of processing. That fact led to the development of melt-processible fluoropolymers such as Perfluoroethylene-propylene (FEP) and Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA). Now we have a third generation which is an amorphous fluorpolymer made by copolymerizing tetrafluoroethylene with 2,2-bis (trifluoromethyl) - 4,5 - difluoro -1,3 - dioxole. The bulky cyclic structure prevents the normal crystallisation as with PTFE polymers. The amorphous fluoropolymers have high clarity and dissolve in selected solvents. Having C-F, C-C and C-O bonds the well known properties as high temperature and chemical resistance are retained. Dielectric constant is in the range 1.83 - 1.93 up to 10.00 MHz the lowest of any plastic material. Optical properties are also very special. Refractive index is very low, in the range 1.29 - 1.32. Transmission is high from UV to IR and the polymer is not photo-degraded. The unique electrical and optical properties, coupled with high chemical and thermal stability, plus the ability to work from solution offers a powerful tool for those working on the frontiers of technology.