Large differences between LINE-1 amplification rates in the human and chimpanzee lineages.
Large differences between LINE-1 amplification rates in the human and chimpanzee lineages.
复制标题
人类和黑猩猩谱系中的 LINE-1 扩增率存在巨大差异。
DOI：
10.1086/368275
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Swergold,GaryD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathews,LaurenM;Chi,SusanY;Greenberg,Noam;Ovchinnikov,Igor;Swergold,GaryD
尽管人类和类人猿之间的系统发育关系已经得到了广泛的探索，但人类和类人猿之间的基因组进化和表型变异的原因仍然很大程度上未知。先前的研究集中在氨基酸和核苷酸序列水平上的差异，揭示了人类和黑猩猩之间的高度相似性，这表明其他类型的基因组变化可能导致了它们之间相对较大的表型差异。例如，长穿插元件1 （LINE-1）反转录转座子的活性可能会对基因组结构和功能产生重大变化，从而影响表型。在这里，我们研究了LINE-1基因在人类、倭黑猩猩（Pan paniscus）和黑猩猩（P. troglodytes）谱系中的相对扩增率。我们的数据表明，在倭黑猩猩和黑猩猩中，LINE-1基因的插入积累速度明显高于人类，这为类人猿进化过程中主要LINE-1扩增事件的时间提供了见解，并确定了日本特有的LINE-1亚家族。
The genomic evolution and causes of phenotypic variation among humans and great apes remain largely unknown, although the phylogenetic relationships among them have been extensively explored. Previous studies that focus on differences at the amino acid and nucleotide sequence levels have revealed a high degree of similarity between humans and chimpanzees, suggesting that other types of genomic change may have contributed to the relatively large phenotypic differences between them. For example, the activity of long interspersed element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposons may impose significant changes on genomic structure and function and, consequently, on phenotype. Here we investigate the relative rates of LINE-1 amplification in the lineages leading to humans, bonobos (Pan paniscus), and chimpanzees (P. troglodytes). Our data indicate that LINE-1 insertions have accumulated at significantly greater rates in bonobos and chimpanzees than in humans, provide insights into the timing of major LINE-1 amplification events during great ape evolution, and identify aPan-specific LINE-1 subfamily.