Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in the Hemodynamic Response to Hyperinsulinemia-Implications for Obesity and Insulin Resistance.

Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in the Hemodynamic Response to Hyperinsulinemia-Implications for Obesity and Insulin Resistance.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11892-022-01456-1
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发表时间:
2022-04
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Padilla, Jaume
Padilla, Jaume
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Limberg, Jacqueline K.;Soares, Rogerio N.;Padilla, Jaume

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Herein we summarize recent advances which provide new insights into the role of the autonomic nervous system in the control of blood flow and blood pressure during hyperinsulinemia. We also highlight remaining gaps in knowledge as it pertains to the translation of findings to relevant human chronic conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Our findings in insulin-sensitive adults show that increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity with hyperinsulinemia do not result in greater sympathetically-mediated vasoconstriction. Both an attenuation of α-adrenergic-receptor vasoconstriction and augmented β-adrenergic vasodilation in the setting of high insulin likely explain these findings. In the absence of an increase in sympathetically-mediated restraint of peripheral vasodilation during hyperinsulinemia, blood pressure is supported by increases in cardiac output in insulin-sensitive individuals. We highlight a dynamic interplay between central and peripheral mechanisms during hyperinsulinemia to increase sympathetic nervous system activity and maintain blood pressure in insulin-sensitive adults. Whether these results translate to the insulin-resistant condition and implications for long-term cardiovascular regulation warrant further exploration.
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