Consequences of Induction of Foreign Compound-Metabolizing Enzymes in Insects
Consequences of Induction of Foreign Compound-Metabolizing Enzymes in Insects
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4613-1865-1_4
复制
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Yu
动物体内的多种化学物质可以诱导解毒酶，例如微粒体细胞色素 P-450 依赖性单加氧酶（多底物单加氧酶，PSMO）、谷胱甘肽转移酶、酯酶和环氧化物水解酶。酶诱导是一种普遍发生的现象，代表了适应外部条件的有效机制。由于 PSMO 在药物代谢中的重要作用，大部分诱导工作都是通过哺乳动物的 PSMO 系统完成的。 Morello（1964）首次报道了昆虫中 PSMO 酶的诱导，他发现 TriatomainfestansKlug（半翅目：Reduviidae）的若虫在用 3-甲基胆蒽预处理后对 DDT 的敏感性较低，并从 DDT 中产生更多的极性代谢物。从那时起，诱导现象已在至少 16 种其他昆虫中得到证实（Terriere 和 Yu，1974 年；Terriere，1983 年、1984 年）。 PSMO 可以由具有不同结构的多种化学物质诱导，包括杀虫剂，如 DDT 和环二烯（Walker 和 Terriere，1970；Pappp 和 Casida，1970；Yu 和 Terriere，1972；Khan 和 Matsumura，1972）；昆虫激素和生长调节剂，如蜕皮激素和保幼激素（Yu 和 Terriere，1971、1975；Terriere 和 Yu，1976）；有机溶剂，如五甲基苯（Brattsten 和 Wilkinson，1973；Brattsten 和 Wilkinson，1977）；药物，如苯巴比妥和 3-甲基胆蒽（Agosin）等人， 1969；于和泰里埃，1973；吉尔等人，1974；布拉特斯坦等人，1976； Yu 和 Ing，1984）、丁基化羟基甲苯和磷酸三苯酯（Perry 等，1971）以及萜类、吲哚和类黄酮等化感化学物质（Brattsten 等，1977、1984；Yu 等， 1979；余，1982a；余，1983）。
Detoxifying enzymes such as microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases (polysubstrate monooxygenases, PSMOs), glutathione transferases, esterases and epoxide hydrolases can be induced by various chemicals in animals. Enzyme induction is a commonly occurring phenomenon representing an effective mechanism of adaptation to external conditions. Most of the induction work has been done with the PSMO system in mammals because of its important role in drug metabolism. The first report of induction of the PSMO enzymes in insects was that of Morello (1964) who found that nymphs ofTriatomainfestansKlug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) were less susceptible to DDT after pretreatment with 3-methylcholanthrene and produced more polar metabolites from DDT. Since then, induction has been demonstrated in at least 16 other species of insects (Terriere and Yu, 1974; Terriere, 1983, 1984). The PSMOs can be induced by a variety of chemicals with diverse structures including insecticides such as DDT and cyclodienes (Walker and Terriere, 1970; Plapp and Casida, 1970; Yu and Terriere, 1972; Khan and Matsumura, 1972); insect hormones and growth regulators such as ecdysone and juvenile hormone (Yu and Terriere, 1971, 1975; Terriere and Yu, 1976), organic solvents such as pentamethylbenzene (Brattsten and Wilkinson, 1973; Brattsten and Wilkinson, 1977), drugs such as phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene (Agosin et al., 1969; Yu and Terriere, 1973; Gil et al., 1974; Brattsten et al., 1976; Yu and Ing, 1984), butylated hydroxytoluene and triphenyl phosphate (Perry et al., 1971), and allelochemicals such as terpenoids, indoles and flavonoids (Brattsten et al., 1977, 1984; Yu et al., 1979; Yu, 1982a; Yu, 1983).