Ocean plastic crisis-Mental models of plastic pollution from remote Indonesian coastal communities
Ocean plastic crisis-Mental models of plastic pollution from remote Indonesian coastal communities
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0236149
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发表时间：
2020-07-28
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pradipta, Lengga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Phelan, Anna (Anya);Ross, Helen;Pradipta, Lengga
世界海洋面临的塑料危机有很多文献记载，但对于在海滩和沃茨水域面临大量塑料的沿海社区的观点、经验和选择却知之甚少。在珊瑚三角区等新兴经济体，受影响的社区是这些国家中最贫穷的社区。为了了解沿海地区海洋塑料污染的后果，通过当地人的眼睛，本研究考察了印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛南部两个群岛偏远岛屿社区对一次性塑料的认识、使用、处置和当地后果。使用混合的方法，塑料素养和行为的调查，家庭采访有关购买和处置，焦点小组讨论，以产生共享的心理模型，我们确定了一组复杂的因素，导致广泛的塑料泄漏到海洋环境。生活水平的提高使资源匮乏的偏远社区的人们能够购买比以前更多的一次性塑料制品。与此同时，复杂的地理环境和最少的收集服务使废物管理成为一个难题，并让社区自己承担海洋塑料危机的影响。尽管塑料知识普及率很低，但除非在供应方和处置方案方面提供更好的选择架构，否则沿海社区几乎无能为力。我们的研究结果表明，对于这样的沿海社区，改善废物处理是迫切的。需要负责任的供应链和非塑料替代品。生产商和制造商不能再只关注低成本的包装产品，而不对结果负责。如果没有可生物降解的环保产品和循环塑料系统，沿海社区和周围的海洋生态系统将继续被塑料垃圾淹没。
The crisis facing the world's oceans from plastics is well documented, yet there is little knowledge of the perspectives, experiences and options of the coastal communities facing overwhelming quantities of plastics on their beaches and in their fishing waters. In emerging economies such as those in the Coral Triangle, the communities affected are among the poorest of their countries. To understand the consequences of ocean plastic pollution in coastal regions, through the eyes of local people, this study examines the knowledge, use, disposal and local consequences of single use plastics in remote island communities in two archipelagos of southern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using mixed methods-a survey of plastic literacy and behaviour, household interviews about purchasing and disposal, and focus group discussions to generate shared mental models-we identify a complex set of factors contributing to extensive plastic leakage into the marine environment. The rising standard of living has allowed people in low resource, remote communities to buy more single-use plastic items than they could before. Meanwhile complex geography and minimal collection services make waste management a difficult issue, and leave the communities themselves to shoulder the impacts of the ocean plastic crisis. Although plastic literacy is low, there is little the coastal communities can do unless presented with better choice architecture both on the supply side and in disposal options. Our results suggest that for such coastal communities improved waste disposal is urgent. Responsible supply chains and non-plastic alternatives are needed. Producers and manufacturers can no longer focus only on low-cost packaged products, without taking responsibility for the outcomes. Without access to biodegradable, environmentally friendly products, and a circular plastic system, coastal communities and surrounding marine ecosystems will continue to be inundated in plastic waste.