Estimating what US residential customers are willing to pay for resilience to large electricity outages of long duration
Estimating what US residential customers are willing to pay for resilience to large electricity outages of long duration
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DOI：
10.1038/s41560-020-0581-1
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.7
通讯作者：
Morgan, M. Granger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baik, Sunhee;Davis, Alexander L.;Morgan, M. Granger
气候引起的极端天气事件以及其他自然和人为灾害有可能增加大规模停电的持续时间和频率。以向家庭和社区提供少量电力的形式提供的恢复力可以通过维持关键的电力依赖服务来减轻停电后果。关于投资弹性的公共决策在一定程度上取决于住宅客户对这些关键服务的重视程度。在这里，我们开发了一种方法来估计居民愿意支付备份电力服务的情况下，在一个大的10天停电在非常寒冷的冬季天气，然后调查的样本483个住宅客户在美国东北部使用该方法。受访者愿意支付1.7 -2.3千瓦时（-1）美元来维持私人需求，并愿意支付19 -29美元（-1）美元来支持他们的社区。以前的经验与长期停电和停电的原因（自然或人为原因）的框架并不影响支付意愿。未来的弹性规划大面积长期停电需要，在一定程度上，电力消费者愿意支付的准备。Baik等人通过一项具有代表性的调查得出了这些估计，并发现了一些投资于社区复原力的意愿。
Climate-induced extreme weather events, as well as other natural and human-caused disasters, have the potential to increase the duration and frequency of large power outages. Resilience, in the form of supplying a small amount of power to homes and communities, can mitigate outage consequences by sustaining critical electricity-dependent services. Public decisions about investing in resilience depend, in part, on how much residential customers value those critical services. Here we develop a method to estimate residential willingness-to-pay for back-up electricity services in the event of a large 10-day blackout during very cold winter weather, and then survey a sample of 483 residential customers across northeast USA using that method. Respondents were willing to pay US$1.7-2.3 kWh(-1) to sustain private demands and US$19-29 day(-1) to support their communities. Previous experience with long-duration outages and the framing of the cause of the outage (natural or human-caused) did not affect willingness-to-pay.Future resilience planning for large-area long-duration electricity outages requires, in part, estimates of what electricity consumers are willing to pay for preparedness. Baik et al. arrive at those estimates using a representative survey and find some willingness to invest in community resilience.