Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1103/physrevd.103.063513

发表时间：

2021-03

期刊：

Physical Review D

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

物理与天体物理2区

文献类型：

作者：

E. Schaan;S. Ferraro;S. Amodeo;N. Battaglia;S. Aiola;J. Austermann;J. Beall;Rachel Bean;Daniel T. Becker;Richard J. Bond;E. Calabrese;Victoria Calafut;Steve K. Choi;E. Denison;M. Devlin;S. Duff;A. Duivenvoorden;J. Dunkley;R. Dünner;P. Gallardo;Yilun Guan;Dongwon Han;J. Hill;G. Hilton;M. Hilton;R. Hložek;J. Hubmayr;K. Huffenberger;J. Hughes;B. Koopman;Amanda Macinnis;J. McMahon;M. Madhavacheril;K. Moodley;T. Mroczkowski;S. Naess;F. Nati;L. Newburgh;M. Niemack;L. Page;B. Partridge;M. Salatino;N. Sehgal;A. Schillaci;C. Sifón;Kendrick M. Smith;D. Spergel;S. Staggs;E. Storer;H. Trac;J. Ullom;J. van Lanen;Leila Vale;A. van Engelen;M. V. Magaña;E. Vavagiakis;Edward J. Wollack;Zhilei Xu

宇宙微波背景辐射（CMB）光子从星系和星系团中的自由电子气散射，在高分辨率CMB图上留下了可检测的印记：热效应和运动学效应（分别为tSZ和kSZ）。我们使用来自阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜DR 5和普朗克的组合微波图，结合CMASS（平均红移h z i <$0. 55和宿主晕质量h M vir i <$3 × 10 13 M vir）和LOWZ（h z i <$0. 31，h M vir i 5 × 10 13 M vir）星系星表，研究与这些星系群有关的气体。5 σ，迄今为止最高的显著性。这直接转化为对电子数密度分布的测量，从而对气体密度分布的测量。尽管有有限的信号噪声，测量结果显示，对于任何合理的重子丰度（形式上大于90 σ的宇宙重子丰度），气体密度分布比暗物质密度分布更广泛。我们同时测量tSZ信号，即，的电子热压力分布，并拒绝了在10 σ处的无tSZ假设。我们结合联合收割机tSZ和kSZ的测量，估计电子温度的20%精度在几个孔径箱，并发现它可比的维里温度。在配套文件中，我们分析这些测量约束气体热力学和星系群内的反馈特性。我们在本文中给出了相应的LOWZ测量结果，排除了在2.9 kHz 13处的零kSZ（tSZ）信号。9 σ，并离开他们的解释，以未来的工作。本文和配套文件表明，目前的CMB实验可以检测和解决气体配置文件在低质量的晕和高红移，这是最敏感的反馈星系形成和最难以测量的任何其他方式。它们将是宇宙学流体动力学模拟的关键输入，从而提高我们对星系形成的理解。这些精确的气体轮廓已经有助于减少星系-星系透镜的主要限制性理论系统：重子不确定性。因此，未来的此类测量将释放鲁宾、欧几里得和罗马天文台弱透镜的统计能力。我们的叠加软件ThumbStack是公开的，可直接应用于未来的西蒙斯天文台和CMB-S4数据。

The scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the free-electron gas in galaxies and clusters leaves detectable imprints on high resolution CMB maps: the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel ’ dovich effects (tSZ and kSZ respectively). We use combined microwave maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR5 and Planck in combination with the CMASS (mean redshift h z i ¼ 0 . 55 and host halo mass h M vir i ¼ 3 × 10 13 M ⊙ ) and LOWZ ( h z i ¼ 0 . 31 , h M vir i ¼ 5 × 10 13 M ⊙ ) galaxy catalogs from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS DR10 and DR12), to study the gas associated with these galaxygroups.Usingindividualreconstructedvelocities,weperformastackinganalysisandrejecttheno-kSZ hypothesis at 6 . 5 σ , the highest significance to date. This directly translates into a measurement of the electron numberdensityprofile,andthusofthegasdensityprofile.Despitethelimitedsignaltonoise,themeasurement showsat highsignificancethatthegas densityprofileis more extendedthan the dark matter densityprofile, for any reasonable baryon abundance (formally > 90 σ for the cosmic baryon abundance). We simultaneously measure the tSZ signal, i.e., the electron thermal pressure profile of the same CMASS objects, and reject the no-tSZ hypothesis at 10 σ . We combine tSZ and kSZ measurements to estimate the electron temperature to 20% precision in several aperture bins, and find it comparable to the virial temperature. In a companion paper, we analyze these measurements to constrain the gas thermodynamics and the properties of feedback inside galaxy groups. We present the corresponding LOWZ measurements in this paper, ruling out a null kSZ (tSZ) signal at 2.9 ð 13 . 9 Þ σ , and leave their interpretation to future work. This paper and the companion paper demonstrate that current CMB experiments can detect and resolve gas profiles in low mass halos and at high redshifts, which are the most sensitive to feedback in galaxy formation and the most difficult to measure any other way. They will be a crucial input to cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, thus improving our understandingofgalaxyformation.Theseprecisegasprofilesarealreadysufficienttoreducethemainlimiting theoretical systematic in galaxy-galaxy lensing: baryonic uncertainties. Future such measurements will thus unleash the statistical power of weak lensing from the Rubin, Euclid and Roman observatories. Our stacking software ThumbStackis publicly available and directly applicable to future Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 data.

Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos

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