Probing Time-Dependent Fundamental Constants with Nucleosynthesis in Population III Stars
Probing Time-Dependent Fundamental Constants with Nucleosynthesis in Population III Stars
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DOI：
10.3390/sym12030404
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发表时间：
2020-03
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通讯作者：
Kanji Mori;K. Nomoto
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作者：
Kanji Mori;K. Nomoto
多年来，人们一直在使用各种天文天体来寻找基本物理常数的变化，因为它们的发现可能是发展超标准物理学的关键。特别是，核反应速率对基本常数很敏感，所以核合成过程可以用作探针。我们用含时核子-核子相互作用δNN计算了质量族III恒星的演化和核合成，这可能已经在极度贫金属星中留下了元素丰度的痕迹。结果与已发现的最贫铁恒星，即SMSSJ031300.36-670839.3的丰度进行了比较。研究发现，星族III星的钙生成量对三重α反应速率的变化非常敏感，从而对δ神经网络的变化非常敏感。我们的结论是，假设SMSJ031300.36-670839.3中的钙来自于大质量粒子III恒星中的氢燃烧，核子-核子相互作用的变化在红移z−20处被约束为δ0.002<；∼NN<；0.002。
Variations of fundamental physical constants have been sought for many years using various astronomical objects because their discovery can be key to developing beyond-standard physics. In particular, nuclear reaction rates are sensitive to fundamental constants, so nucleosynthetic processes can be used as a probe. We calculate the evolution and nucleosynthesis of massive Population III stars with the time-dependent nucleon–nucleon interaction δ NN , which may have left traces in elemental abundances in extremely metal-poor stars. The results are compared with the abundances in the most iron-poor star that has ever been discovered, namely, SMSS J031300.36-670839.3. It is found that calcium production in Population III stars is very sensitive to variations of the triple- α reaction rate and hence δ NN . We conclude that variations of the nucleon–nucleon interaction are constrained as − 0.002 < δ NN < 0.002 at the redshift z ∼ 20 , assuming that calcium in SMSS J031300.36-670839.3 originates from hydrogen burning in a massive Population III star.