Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Thisted, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cacioppo, JT;Hughes, ME;Thisted, RA
孤独是抑郁症状的唯一危险因素的程度是在两项基于人群的中老年人研究中确定的，在第二项研究中，纵向考察了孤独和抑郁症状之间可能的因果影响。在研究1中，作为健康和老龄化研究的一部分，全国有代表性的54岁及以上人群样本完成了电话采访。排除年龄、性别、种族、教育、收入、婚姻状况、社会支持和感受到的压力的影响，较高的孤独感与更多的抑郁症状有关。在研究2中，从伊利诺伊州库克县50-67岁的成年人中收集了为期3年的孤独感、社会支持、感知压力、敌意和人口特征的详细测量。考虑到人口统计变量、婚姻状况、社会支持、敌意和感受到的压力，孤独再次与更多的抑郁症状相关。潜变量增长模型揭示了随着时间的推移，孤独和抑郁症状之间的相互影响。这些数据表明，孤独和抑郁症状可以协同作用，降低中老年人的幸福感。
The extent to which loneliness is a unique risk factor for depressive symptoms was determined in 2 population-based studies of middle-aged to older adults, and the possible causal influences between loneliness and depressive symptoms were examined longitudinally in the 2nd study. In Study 1, a nationally representative sample of persons aged 54 and older completed a telephone interview as part of a study of health and aging. Higher levels of loneliness were associated with more depressive symptoms, net of the effects of age, gender, ethnicity, education, income, marital status, social support, and perceived stress. In Study 2, detailed measures of loneliness, social support, perceived stress, hostility, and demographic characteristics were collected over a 3-year period from a population-based sample of adults ages 50-67 years from Cook County, Illinois. Loneliness was again associated with more depressive symptoms, net of demographic covariates, marital status, social support, hostility, and perceived stress. Latent variable growth models revealed reciprocal influences over time between loneliness and depressive symptomatology. These data suggest that loneliness and depressive symptomatology can act in a synergistic effect to diminish well-being in middle-aged and older adults.