Design of the OPUS School Meal Study: A randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of serving school meals based on the New Nordic Diet
Design of the OPUS School Meal Study: A randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of serving school meals based on the New Nordic Diet
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DOI：
10.1177/1403494812463173
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Michaelsen, Kim F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Damsgaard, Camilla T.;Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde;Michaelsen, Kim F.
简介：丹麦儿童糖分摄入过多，全谷物、鱼、水果和蔬菜摄入不足。北欧地区盛产这类食品，具有很强的健康促进潜力。我们缺乏调查以北欧食物为基础的学校膳食对发育和健康影响的随机对照试验。目的：本文通过一项健康的新北欧饮食(OPUS)学校膳食研究，描述了丹麦儿童最佳福祉、发展和健康的理论基础、设计、研究人群和潜在的影响。方法：采用整群随机交叉设计，邀请丹麦9所市立学校3年级和4年级(8-11岁)的1021名儿童参加。班级被分配到两个为期3个月的时间段，根据新北欧饮食(NND)或他们通常的盒装午餐(对照组)提供免费的学校膳食。评估了膳食摄入量、营养状况、体力活动、心肺功能、睡眠、生长、身体成分、早期代谢和心血管危险指标、疾病、缺课、幸福感、认知功能、社会和文化特征、食物接受度、浪费和成本。结果：共有834名儿童(82%的受邀者)参与。尽管他们的父母受教育程度略高于背景人群，但来自不同社会经济背景的孩子也被包括在内。超重和肥胖儿童的比例(14%)与丹麦学龄儿童早期的检查结果相似。退出率为8.3%。结论：该方法包合率高，脱落率低。这项研究将首次确定基于NND的学校膳食是否能改善儿童的饮食、健康、发育、认知表现和早期疾病风险标记物。
Introduction: Danish children consume too much sugar and not enough whole grain, fish, fruit, and vegetables. The Nordic region is rich in such foods with a strong health-promoting potential. We lack randomised controlled trials that investigate the developmental and health impact of serving school meals based on Nordic foods. Aim: This paper describes the rationale, design, study population, and potential implications of the Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study. Methods: In a cluster-randomised cross-over design, 1021 children from 3rd and 4th grades (8-11 years old) at nine Danish municipal schools were invited to participate. Classes were assigned to two 3-month periods with free school meals based on the New Nordic Diet (NND) or their usual packed lunch (control). Dietary intake, nutrient status, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, sleep, growth, body composition, early metabolic and cardiovascular risk markers, illness, absence from school, wellbeing, cognitive function, social and cultural features, food acceptance, waste, and cost were assessed. Results: In total, 834 children (82% of those invited) participated. Although their parents were slightly better educated than the background population, children from various socioeconomic backgrounds were included. The proportion of overweight and obese children (14%) resembled that of earlier examinations of Danish school children. Drop out was 8.3%. Conclusions: A high inclusion rate and low drop out rate was achieved. This study will be the first to determine whether school meals based on the NND improve children's diet, health, growth, cognitive performance, and early disease risk markers.