Numerosity underestimation with item similarity in dynamic visual display
Numerosity underestimation with item similarity in dynamic visual display
复制标题
DOI：
10.1167/13.8.5
复制
发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Watanabe, Katsumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Au, Ricky K. C.;Watanabe, Katsumi
即使在短持续时间内，也可以估计静态视觉显示中的大量对象的数量。这种粗略的数字近似不同于细分，后者在同时呈现少量对象时可以高精度地报告对象的数量。本研究考察了动态显示中视觉物体的数量估计，以及物体相似性对数量估计的影响。在基本范式(实验1)中，呈现了两个点流，并要求观察者指出这两个流中哪一个包含更多的点。由颜色相同的点组成的流被判断为包含的点比点颜色不同的流包含的点更少。当呈现速度较慢(实验1)或视觉显示是静止的(实验2)时，对相同视觉项目的这种低估效应消失。在实验3和实验4中，除了数字判断任务外，观察者还在注视时执行了一项需要注意的任务。任务难度影响观察者在数字判断任务中的精确度，但无论任务难度大小，低估效应都很明显。这些结果表明，连续呈现相同或相似的视觉物体可能会导致它们之间的替代，从而导致一种错觉，即总体上几乎没有什么项目，利用注意资源并不能消除低估的影响。
The estimation of numerosity of a large number of objects in a static visual display is possible even at short durations. Such coarse approximations of numerosity are distinct from subitizing, in which the number of objects can be reported with high precision when a small number of objects are presented simultaneously. The present study examined numerosity estimation of visual objects in dynamic displays and the effect of object similarity on numerosity estimation. In the basic paradigm (Experiment 1), two streams of dots were presented and observers were asked to indicate which of the two streams contained more dots. Streams consisting of dots that were identical in color were judged as containing fewer dots than streams where the dots were different colors. This underestimation effect for identical visual items disappeared when the presentation rate was slower (Experiment 1) or the visual display was static (Experiment 2). In Experiments 3 and 4, in addition to the numerosity judgment task, observers performed an attention-demanding task at fixation. Task difficulty influenced observers' precision in the numerosity judgment task, but the underestimation effect remained evident irrespective of task difficulty. These results suggest that identical or similar visual objects presented in succession might induce substitution among themselves, leading to an illusion that there are few items overall and that exploiting attentional resources does not eliminate the underestimation effect.