The biological role of dolichol.
The biological role of dolichol.
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DOI：
10.1042/bj2510001
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发表时间：
1988-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Chojnacki;G. Dallner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Chojnacki;G. Dallner
Dolichol的结构Dolichol是一种多聚类异戊二烯物质，同时也是细胞中最大的脂质之一（图1）。该多不饱和化合物具有α-饱和异戊二烯残基，其可以是游离醇、磷酸化或用脂肪酸酯化的形式[3-6]。在动物细胞中，各种聚类异戊二烯的分布显示出不同的模式（表1）。在正常条件下，α-不饱和形式（聚戊烯醇）以少量（约占总量的1%）存在[7-10]。当多萜醇合成受到干扰时，例如在人肝癌细胞中，这种不饱和脂质的量可能会显著增加至总量的10-30%（I. Eggens等人，未出版的作品）。磷酸聚异戊二烯酯和焦磷酸聚异戊二烯酯的量也非常低。后一种化合物，具有不同的异戊二烯长度，应该存在于组织中作为中间体在长萜醇生物合成，但这些衍生物的分布尚未研究。少于15个残基的短聚异戊二烯在动物细胞中不存在，而那些有11个残基的短聚异戊二烯在动物细胞中存在。
STRUCTURE OF DOLICHOL Dolichol is a polyisoprenoid substance and, con-sequently, is among the largest lipids in the cell (Fig. 1). This polyunsaturated compound has an a-saturated isoprene residue, which may either be in the form of a free alcohol, phosphorylated or esterified with a fatty acid [3-6]. In animal cells the distribution of the various poly-isoprenoids shows a distinct pattern (Table 1). The a-unsaturated form (polyprenol) occurs in small amounts (-1% of the total) under normal conditions [7-10]. When dolichol synthesis is disturbed, such as in human liver cancer cells, the amount of this unsaturated lipid may increase considerably to 10-30% of the total (I. Eggens et al., unpublished work). The amounts of polyprenyl phosphate and pyrophosphate are also very low. The latter compound, with different isoprene lengths, should be present in tissues as intermediates in dolichol biosynthesis, but the distribution of these derivatives has not yet been studied. Short polyisoprenes with less than 15 residues are not present in animal cells, and those with11 residues have