SPECIATION IN HAWAIIAN ANGIOSPERM LINEAGES: CAUSE, CONSEQUENCE, AND MODE
SPECIATION IN HAWAIIAN ANGIOSPERM LINEAGES: CAUSE, CONSEQUENCE, AND MODE
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夏威夷被子植物谱系的物种形成：原因、后果和模式
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
W. L. Wagner
中科院分区：
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作者：
Jonathan P. Price;W. L. Wagner
摘要 夏威夷群岛的生物群完全来自长距离扩散，随后往往是原位物种形成。每个殖民者的后代构成了单系谱系，这些谱系在相似的空间和时间限制下有不同程度的分歧。我们将夏威夷被子植物区系划分为谱系，并评估形态、生态和生物地理特征，以研究它们与物种数量 (S) 变化的关系。具有外部鸟类传播（通过粘附）的谱系比具有非生物传播的谱系的物种丰富度明显更高，但仅比具有内部鸟类传播（涉及肉质水果）的谱系的物种丰富程度稍高。与被子植物科的研究相反，授粉模式和生长形式（木本与草本）对 S 没有显着影响。 S 与整个谱系的地理和生态范围大小呈正相关，但与组成物种的局部丰度和平均范围大小呈负相关。物种丰富的谱系代表了主要适应性转变的很大一部分，尽管这似乎是拥有更多物种的产物。对众多谱系中 52 个姐妹物种对的检查为异域（包括周边分离株）和旁域（生态）模式提供了证据，每种模式各有 15 个病例。尽管在许多剩余的情况下，物种形成后的扩散可能会掩盖这些模式，但也讨论了同域和混合物种形成的实例。由于物种形成既是生态和生物地理特征的结果也是原因，因此物种形成模式可能是特征之间关系的组成部分。我们讨论了物种形成在塑造区域物种库中的作用。
Abstract The biota of Hawaiian Islands is derived entirely from long distance dispersal, often followed by in situ speciation. Species descended from each colonist constitute monophyletic lineages that have diverged to varying degrees under similar spatial and temporal constraints. We partitioned the Hawaiian angiosperm flora into lineages and assessed morphological, ecological, and biogeographic characteristics to examine their relationships to variation in species number (S). Lineages with external bird dispersal (through adhesion) were significantly more species-rich than those with abiotic dispersal, but only weakly more species-rich than lineages with internal bird dispersal (involving fleshy fruits). Pollination mode and growth form (woody vs. herbaceous) had no significant effect on S, in contrast to studies of angiosperm families. S relates positively to the geographic and ecological range size of whole lineages, but negatively to local abundance and mean range sizes of constituent species. Species-rich lineages represent a large proportion of major adaptive shifts, although this appears to be an artifact of having more species. Examination of 52 sister species pairs in numerous lineages provides evidence for allopatric (including peripheral isolates) and parapatric (ecological) modes, with 15 cases of each. Although postspeciational dispersal may obscure these modes in many of the remaining cases, instances of sympatric and hybrid speciation are also discussed. Because speciation is both a consequence and a cause of ecological and biogeographic traits, speciation mode may be integral to relationships between traits. We discuss the role of speciation in shaping the regional species pool.