Input och output : ordföljd i svenska barns huvudsatser och bisatser
Input och output : ordföljd i svenska barns huvudsatser och bisatser
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输入和输出：ordföljd i svenska barns huvudsatser och bisatser
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发表时间：
2008
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通讯作者：
Christian Waldmann
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作者：
Christian Waldmann
本论文调查了四名瑞典语单语儿童的主句和嵌入句语序，年龄范围为1;3-4;0。本文运用生成语法框架，对动词位置和补语的句法结构进行了定量和定性的分析。第一章至第四章为论文的背景介绍。第一章介绍了本研究的目的和材料。第二章对动词位置和补语进行了生成分析，构成了实证研究的描述性框架。第三章讨论了语言习得研究中的一些理论问题及其在本研究中的应用。特别注意输入和输出之间的关系。最后，第4章描述了一些方法上的考虑。第5章至第8章给出了实证结果。结果表明，瑞典儿童接触到一个强大的输入动词移动到第二个位置的子句，C°，而输入频率为V°的动词移动是非常低的。在嵌入式小句中，动词移动和不移动之间的输入是模糊的。瑞典儿童也暴露于显性和隐性的补充剂。在早期，三个孩子在主句中富有成效地、一致地将限定动词移到第二位置（C°）。第四个孩子逐渐掌握了主句中的动词移动。限定动词最初似乎出现在其基础生成位置（V°），然后出现在中间位置（I°），最后出现在第二位置（C°）。四个孩子都掌握了动词移动到第二个位置的主要条款时，他们开始生产嵌入显性和隐性补语。最后，所有儿童偶尔会过度概括嵌入式从句中的动词移动，错误地将动词放在句子状语之前而不是之后。第9章讨论了理论后果，根据第3章讨论的理论问题评估了实证结果。特别是我反对一个特定的结构建设假说的功能分化的国家，公开的complementizers触发收购的CP层。此外，我建议，不准确的动词运动在嵌入式条款在瑞典儿童是一个模棱两可的输入的结果。这表明在生成性习得研究中，输入的作用比传统假设的要大。（减）
This thesis investigates the word order in the main and embedded clauses of four Swedish monolingual children, covering the age range 1;3–4;0. Using a generative framework, a quantitative and qualitative analysis focusing on the syntax of verb placement and complementizers is presented. Chapters 1 to 4 offer a background to the thesis. In chapter 1 the aims and the material are presented. Chapter 2 provides a generative analysis of verb placement and complementizers, constituting the descriptive framework of the empirical studies. Chapter 3 discusses some theoretical issues in language acquisition research and their implementation into the study. Particular attention is paid to the relation between input and output. Finally, chapter 4 depicts some methodological considerations. Chapters 5 to 8 present the empirical results. It is shown that Swedish children are exposed to a robust input of verb movement to the second position in the clause, C°, whereas the input frequency for the absence of verb movement from V° is very low. In embedded clauses the input is ambiguous between verb movement and absence of movement. Also Swedish children are exposed to both overt and covert complementizers. Early on, three children productively and consistently move the finite verb to the second position (C°) in main clauses. The fourth child acquires verb movement in main clauses gradually. The finite verb initially seems to surface in its base-generated position (V°), then in a medial position (I°) and finally in the second position (C°). All four children had mastered verb movement to the second position in main clauses when they started producing embeddings with overt and covert complementizers. Finally, all children occasionally over generalize verb movement in embedded clauses by incorrectly placing the verb before a sentence adverbial instead of after it. Chapter 9 discusses the theoretical ramifications by evaluating the empirical results in the light of the theoretical issues discussed in chapter 3. Especially I argue against a particular structure-building hypothesis to functional differentiation which states that overt complementizers trigger the acquisition of the CP-layer. Furthermore, I propose that inaccurate verb movement in embedded clauses in Swedish children is the result of an ambiguous input. This suggests a greater role for input than traditionally assumed in generative acquisition studies. (Less)