The bacterial autolysins
The bacterial autolysins
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细菌自溶素
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-011-6014-8_11
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
J. Ward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Rogers;H. Perkins;J. Ward
关于微生物的最早的知识之一是这样一个事实，即细胞在不利于生长和繁殖的条件下悬浮和培养时会解体。事实上，酵母和其他细胞的自溶物是可溶性酶的最早来源之一，在研究中间碳水化合物代谢的英雄时代起了特洛伊木马式的作用。随着电子显微镜的发展和随之而来的超微结构意识，细胞壁被识别，分离和化学研究。然后可以看出自溶是由于壁的溶解。由于构成细胞壁的聚合物的化学结构被阐明，因此可以指定由各种自溶酶特异性水解的键，从而解释细胞壁的溶解和细胞的解体。由于微生物细胞壁中的支持聚合物通常是复杂的，例如细菌的肽聚糖，或者由许多相互作用的聚合物组成，为细胞提供机械支持，如在一些微真菌中，具有多种键特异性的自溶素通常在同一细胞中发现。并不总是能够区分哪种自溶素负责任何特定的作用，或者排除一种以上酶联合作用的必要性。
Among the earliest knowledge about microbes is the fact that cells, suspended and incubated under unfavourable conditions for growth and anabolism, disintegrate. Indeed autolysates of yeasts and other cells were some of the earliest sources of soluble enzymes, and did trojan work in the heroic days of the investigations of intermediary carbohydrate metabolism. With the development of the electron microscope and consequent ultrastructural awareness, cell walls were recognized, isolated and their chemistry studied. Autolysis could then be seen to be due to dissolution of the walls. As the chemical structure of the polymers making up the walls was elucidated, it became possible to designate the bonds specifically hydrolysed by various autolytic enzymes and thus to account for the solubilization of the walls and the disintegration of the cells. Since the supportive polymers in microbial cell walls are often either complex, such as, for example, are the peptidoglycans of bacteria or, consist of a number of polymers interacting to provide mechanical support for the cell as in some microfungi, autolysins with a variety of bond specificities are often to be found in the same cell. It is not always possible to distinguish which autolysin is responsible for any particular effect, or to exclude the necessity for the combined action of more than one enzyme.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.51.3.414
发表时间：
1964-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
SCHINDLER, CA;SCHUHARDT, VT
通讯作者：
SCHUHARDT, VT
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
BURDETT, IDJ;MURRAY, RGE
通讯作者：
MURRAY, RGE