Squeeze Me if You Can: Variability in Force Requirements to Extract a Drop From Common Glaucoma Bottles.
Squeeze Me if You Can: Variability in Force Requirements to Extract a Drop From Common Glaucoma Bottles.
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DOI：
10.1097/ijg.0000000000000506
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kryscio RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore DB;Hammer JD;Akhtari R;Beck J;Sanders S;Kryscio RJ
确定从常用处方品牌和通用局部青光眼药物中分配单滴药物的力要求，并将这些结果与代表性患者人群的捏强度相关联。每种药物测试四瓶：两瓶垂直，两瓶水平。将瓶容纳在定制的测力计装置中，该测力计装置设计用于模拟圆珠笔指尖与瓶尖端的接触。对于所有瓶，对前10滴分配液滴中的每一滴进行检测，然后以10滴为增量进行检测，直至瓶空。对于每次测试跌落，电子测量最大力和位移。同时，对连续的青光眼患者测量最大捏强度。对来自21种瓶设计的共计84个瓶进行了试验。设计之间存在显著差异，垂直和水平位置的力要求分别约为7倍（0.67-4.49千克力，kgf）和4倍（0.81-3.00 kgf）。在青光眼诊所登记的53名患者中，右手和左手的平均捏强度分别为5.05（范围1.23-10.4）和4.82（范围1.47-10.67）kgf。从普通青光眼药物中挤出一滴所需的力存在统计学显著差异，并且临床患者的代表性抽样表明，许多人可能难以满足几种瓶设计的力要求。这些数据进一步支持局部青光眼药物递送和设计的标准化。
To determine the force requirements to dispense a single drop from commonly prescribed brand and generic topical glaucoma medications and correlate these findings with pinch strength in a representative patient population. Four bottles of each medication were tested: two in the vertical and two in the horizontal orientation. Bottles were housed in a customized force gauge apparatus designed to mimic ballpoint fingertip contact with a bottle tip. For all bottles, each of the first 10 dispensed drops was tested and then tests were performed in increments of 10 until the bottle was empty. For each tested drop, the maximum force and displacement were electronically measured. Concurrently, maximum pinch strength was measured on consecutive glaucoma patients. A total of 84 bottles from 21 bottle designs were tested. There was significant variability across the designs, with roughly a 7-fold (0.67–4.49 kilograms of force, kgf) and 4-fold (0.81–3.00 kgf) difference in force requirements in the vertical and horizontal positions, respectively. Of 53 enrolled patients in the glaucoma clinic, the mean pinch strength was 5.05 (range 1.23–10.4) and 4.82 (range 1.47–10.67) kgf for the right and left hands, respectively. There is statistically significant variability in the force required to squeeze a drop from common glaucoma medications, and a representative sampling of clinic patients suggests that many likely struggle with the force requirements of several bottle designs. These data further support standardization of topical glaucoma drug delivery and design.