Nature-based Solutions to tackle climate change and restore biodiversity
Nature-based Solutions to tackle climate change and restore biodiversity
复制标题
基于自然的解决方案应对气候变化和恢复生物多样性
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.14059
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Folkard-Tapp H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Folkard-Tapp H
气候变化和生物多样性的丧失主导了人们对自然界人为改变的担忧。在过去的40年里，每个十年都比上一个十年持续变暖；最近的一次是全球表面温度比工业时代之前(约1850-1900年)高出1.09摄氏度(政府间气候变化专门委员会，2021)。除了气候变化，地球上的生命还受到栖息地变化、入侵物种、过度开发和污染的极端压力(Hautier等人，2015年；千年生态系统评估，2005年)。因此，据估计，未来几十年可能有100万个物种灭绝，同时总生物量下降(IPBES报告，2019年；Lotze等人，2019年)。总而言之，气候变化和生物多样性丧失的这些令人担忧的趋势定义了人类世时代(Crutzen，2002)。未来几年将大力推动制定大规模解决方案，以减少大气二氧化碳水平和空气污染，以缓解气候变化，同时扭转生物多样性下降的趋势。例如，2021-2030年联合国生态系统恢复十年(https://www.十年前，你可以去商店。Org/)和海洋科学促进可持续发展(https://www.海洋十年。Org/)是旨在帮助在2030年前实现联合国可持续发展目标的两个关键方案，其中包括减缓气候变化和保护生物多样性。此外，政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)和生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台(IPBES)发布了有史以来第一份联合报告(Portner等人，2021年)，承认气候变化和生物多样性丧失是不可阻挡的交织在一起(Pettorelli等人，2021年)。这份联合报告呼吁采取行动，明确表示不能再浪费时间实施具有综合实力的战略。
Climate change and biodiversity loss dominate concerns over anthropogenic modification of the natural world. For the last 40 years, each decade has been successively warmer than the last; the most recent with global surface temperatures 1.09 C higher than before the industrial era, c. 1850–1900 (IPCC, 2021). In addition to a changing climate, life on Earth is under extreme pressure from habitat change, invasive species, over-exploitation and pollution (Hautier et al., 2015; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). As a result, it has been estimated that 1 million species will likely go extinct in the coming decades, coinciding with declines in overall biomass (IPBES report, 2019; Lotze et al., 2019). Together, these worrying trends of climate change and biodiversity loss define the Anthropocene era (Crutzen, 2002).The coming years will see a strong push for the development of large-scale solutions to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and air pollution to mitigate climate change, while also reversing trends in biodiversity decline. For example, the 2021–2030 UN Decades on Ecosystem Restoration (https://www. decad eonre stor a tion. org/) and Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (https://www. ocean decade. org/) are two of the key programmes designed to help deliver the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, which include climate change mitigation and biodiversity protection. Furthermore, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) published their first-ever joint report (Portner et al., 2021) in recognition of climate change and biodiversity loss being inexorably intertwined (Pettorelli et al., 2021). The joint report is a call to action, making it clear that there is no time to lose in implementing strategies with a combined