Prevalence and patterns of gender-based violence and revictimization among women attending antenatal clinics in Soweto, South Africa
Prevalence and patterns of gender-based violence and revictimization among women attending antenatal clinics in Soweto, South Africa
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwh194
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Harlow, SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dunkle, KL;Jewkes, RK;Harlow, SD
基于性别的暴力是全球和南非妇女面临的主要健康风险。作者分析了2001年11月至2002年4月期间在南非索韦托产前诊所就诊的1,395名妇女的数据，以估计身体/性伴侣暴力(55.5%)、非伴侣性侵成人(7.9%)、儿童性侵犯(8.0%)和强迫第一次性交(7.3%)的发生率。用Kaplan-Meier方法模拟每种类型暴力的初次年龄，并使用带有时变协变量的Cox风险模型来探讨儿童性侵犯和强迫第一次性交是否与成年后暴力再受害的风险有关。儿童性侵犯与身体和/或性伴侣暴力的风险增加(风险比=2.43，95%可信区间：1.93，3.06)和成人非伴侣性侵相关(风险比=2.33，95%可信区间：1.40，3.89)。强迫第一次性交与发生身体和/或性伴侣暴力的风险增加(风险比=2.64，95%可信区间：2.07，3.38)，与非性伴侣对成人的性侵没有显著关联(风险比=2.14，95%可信区间：0.92，4.98)。这项研究证实，公共卫生界需要更多地关注基于性别的暴力的初级和二级预防，特别需要降低南非青少年的风险。
Gender-based violence is a key health risk for women globally and in South Africa. The authors analyzed data from 1,395 interviews with women attending antenatal clinics in Soweto, South Africa, between November 2001 and April 2002 to estimate the prevalence of physical/sexual partner violence (55.5%), adult sexual assault by nonpartners (7.9%), child sexual assault (8.0%), and forced first intercourse (7.3%). Age at first experience of each type of violence was modeled by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox hazard models with time-varying covariates were used to explore whether child sexual assault and forced first intercourse were associated with risk of violent revictimization in adulthood. Child sexual assault was associated with increased risk of physical and/or sexual partner violence (risk ratio = 2.43, 95% confidence interval: 1.93, 3.06) and with adult sexual assault by a nonpartner (risk ratio = 2.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.40, 3.89). Forced first intercourse was associated with increased risk of physical and/or sexual partner violence (risk ratio = 2.64, 95% confidence interval: 2.07, 3.38) and nonsignificantly with adult sexual assault by a nonpartner (risk ratio = 2.14, 95% confidence interval: 0.92, 4.98). This study confirms the need for increased attention by the public health community to primary and secondary prevention of gender-based violence, with a specific need to reduce risk among South African adolescents.