Intracellular Transport: Solute Transport in Chloroplasts, Mitochondria, Peroxisomes and Vacuoles, and Between Organelles
Intracellular Transport: Solute Transport in Chloroplasts, Mitochondria, Peroxisomes and Vacuoles, and Between Organelles
复制标题
细胞内运输：叶绿体、线粒体、过氧化物酶体和液泡以及细胞器之间的溶质运输
DOI：
10.1002/9780470988862.ch7
复制
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Philippar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philippar
许多代谢途径、生化反应或物质的区隔是每个真核细胞的核心和关键。细胞室由几个不同的、膜分隔的细胞器表示，如线粒体和过氧化物体。在植物细胞中，这种任务的分配甚至比在动物细胞中更明显，因为植物也有叶绿体和液泡。细胞区域化的结果是一个广泛的细胞内网络，涉及不同细胞器和细胞质之间的代谢物和溶质的交换。在简要介绍了植物细胞器转运蛋白的识别策略后，本章将描述叶绿体、线粒体、过氧化体和液泡在细胞代谢网络中的整合。在接下来的几节中，我们将总结已知的转运能力和蛋白质，并将它们放入各自的生理环境中。常见的膜转运蛋白的命名、结构、拓扑结构和功能特征在本书的其他部分(如第6章)中进行了描述；因此，本章将重点介绍在特定细胞器中已在分子水平上确定的转运蛋白的功能以及它们与细胞内代谢网络的整合。
Compartmentalisation of numerous metabolic pathways, biochemical reactions or substances is central and vital for every eukaryotic cell. Cell compartments are represented by several different, membrane-delimited organelles such as mitochondria and peroxisomes. In plant cells this assignment of tasks is even more pronounced than in the cells of animals, since plants also harbour chloroplasts and vacuoles. The consequence of cell compartmentalisation is an extensive intracellular network, involving the exchange of metabolites and solutes between the different organelles and the cytosol. In turn, solute transporters, mediating and regulating metabolic traffic across organellar membranes, are the bottleneck for the proper function of cellular metabolism.After a short introduction on strategies to identify organellar transporters in plants, this chapter will describe the integration of chloroplasts, mitochondria, peroxisomes and vacuoles into the cellular metabolic network. In following sections, known transport capacities and proteins are summarised and put into their respective physiological contexts. Nomenclature, structure, topology and functional characteristics of common membrane transport proteins are described elsewhere in this book (eg Chapter 6); therefore, this chapter will focus on the function of transport proteins that have been identified at a molecular level within specific organelles and their integration into the intracellular metabolic network.