Partial substitution of fish oil with rapeseed, linseed and olive oils in diets for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.):: effects on flesh fatty acid composition, plasma prostaglandins E2 and F2α, immune function and effectiveness of a fish oil finishing diet
Partial substitution of fish oil with rapeseed, linseed and olive oils in diets for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.):: effects on flesh fatty acid composition, plasma prostaglandins E2 and F2α, immune function and effectiveness of a fish oil finishing diet
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2095.2004.00320.x
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Bell, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mourente, G;Good, JE;Bell, JG
欧洲海鲈鱼（Dicentrarchus labrax L.）的三个类群，初始体重为90 g，饲喂四种实用型日粮，其中添加1000 g/kg鱼油（FO）（对照饮食），600 g kg（-1）菜籽油（RO）和400 g kg（-1）FO，600 g kg（-1）亚麻籽油（LO）和400 g kg（-1）FO，600 g kg（-1）橄榄油（OO）和400 g kg（-1）FO，持续34周。取样后，将剩余的鱼改为1000 g/kg（-1）FO饲料，再喂养14周。日粮脂肪酸的输入对肉总脂的脂肪酸组成有影响，但特定脂肪酸被选择性地保留或利用。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA; 22：6 n-3）存在选择性沉积和保留。二十碳五烯酸（EPA;在日粮中添加600 g kg（-1）RO、LO和OO后，肉脂中亚麻酸（LNA; 18：3 n-3）、亚油酸（LA; 18：2n-6）和油酸（OA; 18：1 n-9）含量显著增加。不同治疗对前列腺素E-2和前列腺素F-2 α的血浆浓度无显著差异。非特异性免疫功能的评价表明，在饲喂植物油的饲料中，循环白细胞的数量受到显著影响（P < 0.001），巨噬细胞呼吸爆发活性也受到显著影响（P < 0.006）。在肝细胞内观察到大量脂滴积聚，这与饮食n-3 HUFA水平降低有关，尽管没有明显的细胞坏死迹象。在喂食FO肥育饲料14周后，DHA和总n-3 HUFA水平恢复到对照鱼的值，尽管对照鱼的EPA仍比其他处理高18%。这项研究表明，植物油，如RO，LO和OO可以潜在地被用作部分替代饮食FO在欧洲海鲈鱼文化，在生长阶段，不影响生长速度，但可能会改变一些免疫参数。
Triplicate groups of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), of initial weight 90 g, were fed four practical-type diets in which the added oil was 1000 g kg(-1) fish oil (FO) (control diet), 600 g kg(-1) rapeseed oil (RO) and 400 g kg(-1) FO, 600 g kg(-1) linseed oil (LO) and 400 g kg(-1) FO, and 600 g kg(-1) olive oil (OO) and 400 g kg(-1) FO for 34 weeks. After sampling, the remaining fish were switched to the 1000 g kg(-1) FO diet for a further 14 weeks. Fatty acid composition of flesh total lipid was influenced by dietary fatty acid input but specific fatty acids were selectively retained or utilized. There was selective deposition and retention of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and DHA were significantly reduced and linolenic (LNA; 18:3n-3), linoleic (LA; 18:2n-6) and oleic (OA; 18:1n-9) acids significantly increased in flesh lipids following the inclusion of 600 g kg(-1) RO, LO and OO in the diets. No significant differences were found among different treatments on plasma concentrations of prostaglandin E-2 and prostaglandin F-2alpha. Evaluation of non-specific immune function, showed that the number of circulating leucocytes was significantly affected (P < 0.001), as was macrophage respiratory burst activity (P < 0.006) in fish fed vegetable oil diets. Accumulation of large amounts of lipid droplets were observed within the hepatocytes in relation to decreased levels of dietary n-3 HUFA, although no signs of cellular necrosis was evident. After feeding a FO finishing diet for 14 weeks, DHA and total n-3 HUFA levels were restored to values in control fish although EPA remained 18% higher in control than in the other treatments. This study suggests that vegetable oils such as RO, LO and OO can potentially be used as partial substitutes for dietary FO in European sea bass culture, during the grow out phase, without compromising growth rates but may alter some immune parameters.