Flank collapse and large‐scale landsliding in the Cape Verde Islands, off West Africa

Flank collapse and large‐scale landsliding in the Cape Verde Islands, off West Africa
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西非佛得角群岛侧翼塌陷和大规模山体滑坡

DOI:
10.1029/2008gc001983
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
W. Weinrebe
W. Weinrebe
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Masson;T.P LeBas;I. Grevemeyer;W. Weinrebe

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大规模滑坡发生在世界各地许多火山海洋岛屿的侧翼。在历史上没有发生过,但它们的地质灾害潜力,特别是它们产生海啸的能力很大。佛得角群岛是一组10大和几个较小的火山岛,位于西非海岸,北纬15至17度之间。以前曾描述过福戈岛的单侧滑坡,但迄今为止一直缺乏对佛得角群的系统分析。本文介绍和解释了一个多波束测深数据集,覆盖佛得角群岛西部的斜坡,包括最近的火山活动,福戈在西南部和圣安唐在西北部的岛屿。所有较大的岛屿都显示出大型侧翼滑坡的证据,尽管在过去的400 ka中,只有福戈岛和圣安陶岛的西南部没有发生滑坡。位于圣安唐西南端的托佩-德-科罗瓦火山在过去的170万年里一直处于不活跃状态,除非火山活动恢复,否则被认为具有较低的滑坡潜力。相比之下,未来在福戈发生从高度活跃的皮科多福戈火山地区向东的滑坡的可能性似乎很高,尽管无法预测这种事件的时间尺度。这样的滑坡产生的海啸可能对邻近的圣地亚哥岛,甚至可能对更远的西非海岸产生灾难性的影响。
Large‐scale landslides occur on the flanks of many volcanic oceanic islands worldwide. None have taken place in historical time, but their geohazard potential, especially their ability to generate tsunamis, is large. The Cape Verde Islands are a group of 10 large and several smaller volcanic islands off the coast of West Africa between 15 and 17°N. A single flank landslide has previously been described from the island of Fogo, but systematic analysis of the Cape Verde group has until now been lacking. This paper describes and interprets a multibeam bathymetry data set covering the slopes of the western Cape Verde Islands, including those of the islands with the most recent volcanic activity, Fogo in the southwest, and Santo Antao in the northwest. All of the larger islands show evidence of large flank landslides, although only Fogo and the southwest part of Santo Antao have failed in the last 400 ka. Tope de Coroa, the volcano at the southwest end of Santo Antao, has been inactive for the past 170 ka and is judged to have a low landslide potential unless volcanic activity resumes. In contrast, there would seem to be a high probability of a future east directed landslide on Fogo, from the area of the highly active Pico do Fogo volcano, although it is impossible to predict a timescale for such an event. A tsunami generated by such a landslide could have a catastrophic effect on the adjacent island of Santiago and possibly even farther afield on the West African coast.
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