Characterization of the interstitial lung diseases via density-based and texture-based analysis of computed tomography images of lung structure and function
Characterization of the interstitial lung diseases via density-based and texture-based analysis of computed tomography images of lung structure and function
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s1076-6332(03)00330-1
复制
发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
McLennan, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoffman, EA;Reinhardt, JM;McLennan, G
理由和目标。一直在寻求建立一种定量方法来对间质性肺病（包括肺气肿）中的肺实质进行基于计算机断层扫描（CT）的表征。这些工具的准确性必须与现场无关。多层螺旋CT仍然是肺部成像的金标准，它提供了对肺结构和肺功能成像的能力。成像是通过多探测器行CT和协议，包括在扫描过程中仔细控制肺体积。表征不仅包括基于解剖学的测量，还包括功能测量，包括从肺血流和通气的测量导出的区域参数。图像处理包括肺、肺叶和气道的自动检测。气道提供了到达肺实质的路线图。软件自动检测气道、气道中心线和分支点，然后使用标准化标签集自动标记气道树段，允许跨时间进行受试者间和受试者内比较。通过将所有肺部扭曲到一个共同的图谱，图谱提供了CT成像提供的各种参数的正常范围。成像密度和纹理变化标志着肺最外围区域的潜在结构变化。此外，血流参数中基于纹理的改变可以提供病理过程的早期证据。稳定氙气成像提供了一个区域性的通气量测量，当与流量测量相结合时，提供了一个纹理分析区域性的通气-灌注匹配。随着CT成像分辨率和速度的提高，局部实质病变的斑片状性质可以被成像为结构和功能的纹理。通过仔细控制成像协议和使用客观的图像分析方法，有可能提供不依赖于研究中心的工具来评估间质性肺疾病。仍然需要验证这些方法，这就需要进行跨学科和跨机构的努力，收集适当的图像数据库，同时沿着就与图像有关的适当的基本事实达成共识。此外，扫描仪制造商越来越需要不仅关注视觉上令人愉悦的图像，而且关注量化准确的图像。
Rationale and Objectives. Efforts to establish a quantitative approach to the computed tomography (CT)-based characterization of the lung parenchyma in interstitial lung disease (including emphysema) has been sought. The accuracy of these tools must be site independent. Multi-detector row CT has remained the gold standard for imaging the lung, and it provides the ability to image both lung structure as well as lung function.Material and Methods. Imaging is via multi-detector row CT and protocols include careful control of lung volume during scanning. Characterization includes not only anatomic-based measures but also functional measures including regional parameters derived from measures of pulmonary blood flow and ventilation. Image processing includes the automated detection of the lungs, lobes, and airways. The airways provide the road map to the lung parenchyma. Software automatically detects the airways, the airway centerlines, and the branch points, and then automatically labels the airway tree segments with a standardized set of labels, allowing for intersubject as well intrasubject comparisons across time. By warping all lungs to a common atlas, the atlas provides the range of normality for the various parameters provided by CT imaging.Results. Imaged density and textural changes mark underlying structural changes at the most peripheral regions of the lung. Additionally, texture-based alterations in the parameters of blood flow may provide early evidence of pathologic processes. Imaging of stable xenon gas provides a regional measure of ventilation which, when coupled with measures of flow, provide for a textural analysis regional of ventilation-perfusion matching.Conclusion. With the improved resolution and speed of CT imaging, the patchy nature of regional parenchymal pathology can be imaged as texture of structure and function. With careful control of imaging protocols and the use of objective image analysis methods it is possible to provide site-independent tools for the assessment of interstitial lung disease. There remains a need to validate these methods, which requires interdisciplinary and cross-institutional efforts to gather appropriate data bases of images along with a consensus on appropriate ground truths associated with the images. Furthermore, there is the growing need for scanner manufacturers to focus on not just visually pleasing images, but on quantitatifiably accurate images.