On temperate sources of bromoform and other reactive organic bromine gases
On temperate sources of bromoform and other reactive organic bromine gases
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2000jd900242
复制
发表时间：
2000-08-27
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Liss, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carpenter, LJ;Liss, PS
目前对温带海洋藻类溴仿年产量的估计至少低估了维持大气浓度所需的通量一个数量级。鉴于最近有证据表明溴仿有可能消耗对流层上层/平流层下层的臭氧，全球排放率的这种巨大差异令人相当关切。在这里，我们提出了新的信息，空气和海水中的CHBr 3，CH 2Br 2，和CHBr 2Cl浓度在东大西洋沿海和审查以前的数据，从广泛的位置，这表明活性有机溴的浓度和比例是一致的海洋大型藻类排放。对藻类卤化碳排放和生物量估计的详细审查表明，大型藻类产生的溴仿约占世界的70%，而不是以前认为的20%，而且低估很可能是由过于保守的生物量估计造成的。我们对全球总源强度的估计为2.2 × 10（11）g CHBr 3年，这与最近根据大气数据得出的计算结果吻合得很好。鉴于大型藻类在产生溴仿方面的主导作用，应调查气候和环境变化对海藻种群的影响以及随之对生物溴排放的影响。
Current estimates of annual bromoform production by temperate marine algae underestimate, by at least an order of magnitude, the flux required to sustain atmospheric concentrations. In the light of recent evidence of the potential of bromoform to deplete uppertropospheric/lower-stratospheric ozone, such a substantial discrepancy in global emission rates is of considerable concern. Here we present new information on air and seawater CHBr3, CH2Br2, and CHBr2Cl concentrations in the coastal east Atlantic and review previous data from widespread locations which suggest that concentrations and ratios of reactive organobromines are consistent with marine macroalgal emissions. Detailed reviews of algal halocarbon emissions and biomass estimates imply that macroalgae produce around 70% of the world's bromoform, rather than only 20% as previously thought, and that the underestimation was most likely caused by over conservative biomass estimates. Our total global source strength estimate of 2.2 x 10(11) g CHBr3 yr agrees well with recent calculations derived from atmospheric data. Given the dominant role of macroalgae in producing bromoform, the effect of changing climate and environment on seaweed populations and consequent effect on biogenic bromine emissions should be investigated.