Adoptees' responses to separation from, and reunion with, their adoptive parent at age 4 years is associated with long-term persistence of autism symptoms following early severe institutional deprivation.
Adoptees' responses to separation from, and reunion with, their adoptive parent at age 4 years is associated with long-term persistence of autism symptoms following early severe institutional deprivation.
复制标题
被收养者在 4 岁时对与养父母分离和团聚的反应与早期严重的机构剥夺后自闭症症状的长期持续存在相关。
DOI：
10.1017/s0954579419000506
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Sonuga-Barke E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sonuga-Barke E
被机构剥夺权利的幼儿往往对养父母表现出独特的依恋模式，被归类为不安全/其他（INS/OTH）。INS/OTH与心理健康和神经发育症状的发展轨迹之间的关联进行了研究。年龄4附件状态被确定为97罗马尼亚被收养人暴露于长达24个月的剥夺在罗马尼亚的孤儿院和49 nondeprived英国被收养人。在4岁、6岁、11岁和15岁以及成年初期，对自闭症、注意力不集中/过度活跃和社交参与障碍症状、情绪问题和智商进行了测量。被剥夺6个月以上的罗马尼亚被收养人（Rom>6）被归类为INS/OTH的频率高于被剥夺6个月以下的英国和罗马尼亚被收养人。INS/OTH与4岁时的认知障碍相关。剥夺、依恋状态和自闭症谱系障碍评估年龄之间的相互作用是显著的，Rom>6 INS/OTH（+）组的症状持续性高于其他组。当4岁时的智商被控制时，这种影响就减少了。Rom>6的4岁INS/OTH与20年后更严重的自闭症谱系障碍结局相关。它与4岁时的认知障碍相关，这与INS/OTH是这种负面发展轨迹的早期标志物而不是其原因是一致的。
Institutionally deprived young children often display distinctive patterns of attachment, classified as insecure/other (INS/OTH), with their adoptive parents. The associations between INS/OTH and developmental trajectories of mental health and neurodevelopmental symptoms were examined. Age 4 attachment status was determined for 97 Romanian adoptees exposed to up to 24 months of deprivation in Romanian orphanages and 49 nondeprived UK adoptees. Autism, inattention/overactivity and disinhibited-social-engagement symptoms, emotional problems, and IQ were measured at 4, 6, 11, and 15 years and in young adulthood. Romanian adoptees with over 6 months deprivation (Rom>6) were more often classified as INS/OTH than UK and Romanian adoptees with less than 6 months deprivation combined. INS/OTH was associated with cognitive impairment at age 4 years. The interaction between deprivation, attachment status, and age for autism spectrum disorder assessment was significant, with greater symptom persistence in Rom>6 INS/OTH(+) than other groups. This effect was reduced when IQ at age 4 was controlled for. Age 4 INS/OTH in Rom>6 was associated with worse autism spectrum disorder outcomes up to two decades later. Its association with cognitive impairment at age 4 is consistent with INS/OTH being an early marker of this negative developmental trajectory, rather than its cause.