The source of enhanced cognitive control in bilinguals: evidence from bimodal bilinguals.
The source of enhanced cognitive control in bilinguals: evidence from bimodal bilinguals.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02224.x
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发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Bialystok E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emmorey K;Luk G;Pyers JE;Bialystok E
双语者在非语言任务中的表现通常优于单语者，这些任务需要解决竞争性选择的冲突。经常需要选择一种目标语言的论点，以加强执行控制。我们调查了这种增强是否源于双语（两种语言的代表）的一般效果，或从一个模态约束，迫使语言选择。双模态双语者可以，但并不总是，在同一时间签署和发言。他们的两种语言涉及不同的运动和感知系统，导致对语言控制的要求较低。我们比较了15个单语者，15个双峰双语者，和15个单峰双语者在一组侧翼任务的表现。准确性没有组间差异，但单峰双语者比其他组更快;双峰双语者与单语者没有差异。这些结果将双语者在认知控制方面的优势归因于单模态双语者在同一模态中控制两种语言的经验。
Bilinguals often outperform monolinguals on nonverbal tasks that require resolving conflict from competing alternatives. The regular need to select a target language is argued to enhance executive control. We investigated whether this enhancement stems from a general effect of bilingualism (the representation of two languages) or from a modality constraint that forces language selection. Bimodal bilinguals can, but do not always, sign and speak at the same time. Their two languages involve distinct motor and perceptual systems, leading to weaker demands on language control. We compared the performance of 15 monolinguals, 15 bimodal bilinguals, and 15 unimodal bilinguals on a set of flanker tasks. There were no group differences in accuracy, but unimodal bilinguals were faster than the other groups; bimodal bilinguals did not differ from monolinguals. These results trace the bilingual advantage in cognitive control to the unimodal bilingual’s experience controlling two languages in the same modality.