Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization
Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-04389-z
复制
发表时间：
2021-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Schwartz, Olivier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Planas, Delphine;Saunders, Nell;Schwartz, Olivier
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种于2021年11月在博茨瓦纳和南非首次发现（1-3）。此后，它已传播到许多国家，预计将迅速成为世界各地的主导。该谱系的特征在于尖峰中存在约32个突变-主要位于N-末端结构域和受体结合结构域-这可能增强病毒适应性并使抗体逃避成为可能。我们在比利时从一名从埃及返回的旅行者身上分离出一种传染性的奥密克隆病毒。我们检测了其对9种已获临床批准或正在开发的单克隆抗体的敏感性（4），以及对COVID-19疫苗接种者或COVID-19康复者的115份血清样本中存在的抗体的敏感性。Omicron对所有检测的单克隆抗体的中和反应完全或部分耐药。从辉瑞或阿斯利康疫苗接种者的血清中，在完全接种疫苗后五个月取样，几乎没有抑制Omicron。从COVID-19恢复期患者中收集的血清在症状出现6个月或12个月后显示出对Omicron的中和活性较低或没有。给予辉瑞加强剂量以及对先前感染的个体进行疫苗接种产生了抗Omicron中和反应，与抗Delta相比，抗Omicron的滴度低6倍至23倍。因此，Omicron避开了大多数治疗性单克隆抗体，并在很大程度上避开了疫苗引发的抗体。然而，Omicron被加强疫苗剂量产生的抗体中和。
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant was first identified in November 2021 in Botswana and South Africa(1-3). It has since spread to many countries and is expected to rapidly become dominant worldwide. The lineage is characterized by the presence of around 32 mutations in spike-located mostly in the N-terminal domain and the receptor-binding domain-that may enhance viral fitness and enable antibody evasion. Here we isolated an infectious Omicron virus in Belgium from a traveller returning from Egypt. We examined its sensitivity to nine monoclonal antibodies that have been clinically approved or are in development(4), and to antibodies present in 115 serum samples from COVID-19 vaccine recipients or individuals who have recovered from COVID-19. Omicron was completely or partially resistant to neutralization by all monoclonal antibodies tested. Sera from recipients of the Pfizer or AstraZeneca vaccine, sampled five months after complete vaccination, barely inhibited Omicron. Sera from COVID-19-convalescent patients collected 6 or 12 months after symptoms displayed low or no neutralizing activity against Omicron. Administration of a booster Pfizer dose as well as vaccination of previously infected individuals generated an anti-Omicron neutralizing response, with titres 6-fold to 23-fold lower against Omicron compared with those against Delta. Thus, Omicron escapes most therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and, to a large extent, vaccine-elicited antibodies. However, Omicron is neutralized by antibodies generated by a booster vaccine dose.