Cerebrovascular dysfunction with stress and depression.
Cerebrovascular dysfunction with stress and depression.
复制标题
脑血管功能障碍伴有压力和抑郁。
DOI：
10.4103/bc.bc_6_18
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发表时间：
2018-04
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Chantler PD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burrage E;Marshall KL;Santanam N;Chantler PD
通过密集的脑微血管网络维持足够的组织灌注对于维持正常的脑功能至关重要。脑血流的调节必须确保营养物质和氧气的充足输送，并进行即时调整，以避免脑组织灌注不足和过度。即使脑血流调节的轻微损伤也会对大脑功能产生重大影响。有证据表明，慢性压力和抑郁会对大脑微循环造成多方面的功能损害，而大脑微循环在大脑健康以及压力相关认知障碍和脑血管事件的发病机制中发挥着关键作用。识别压力引起的大脑功能和结构变化对于现实地了解如何控制或逆转相关疾病至关重要，这些疾病具有高度致残性和巨大的经济成本。本概述讨论了应激引起的神经血管耦合变化，特别关注脑血管调节（内皮依赖性和独立的血管舒缩功能、微血管密度）。探讨了应激和抑郁引起的脑微血管功能障碍的病理生理学后果。
Maintenance of adequate tissue perfusion through a dense network of cerebral microvessels is critical for the perseveration of normal brain function. Regulation of the cerebral blood flow has to ensure adequate delivery of nutrients and oxygen with moment-to-moment adjustments to avoid both hypo- and hyper-perfusion of the brain tissue. Even mild impairments of cerebral blood flow regulation can have significant implications on brain function. Evidence suggests that chronic stress and depression elicits multifaceted functional impairments to the cerebral microcirculation, which plays a critical role in brain health and the pathogenesis of stress-related cognitive impairment and cerebrovascular events. Identifying the functional and structural changes to the brain that are induced by stress is crucial for achieving a realistic understanding of how related illnesses, which are highly disabling and with a large economic cost, can be managed or reversed. This overview discusses the stress-induced alterations in neurovascular coupling with specific attention to cerebrovascular regulation (endothelial dependent and independent vasomotor function, microvessel density). The pathophysiological consequences of cerebral microvascular dysfunction with stress and depression are explored.