Ethnopharmacobotanical study on the medicinal plants used by herbalists in Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Ethnopharmacobotanical study on the medicinal plants used by herbalists in Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan, Iraq.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13002-016-0081-3
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发表时间：
2016-01-28
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Ahmed HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmed HM
药用植物在库尔德社区仍然扮演着重要的角色。南库尔德斯坦（伊拉克）的苏莱曼尼亚省有多种植物，包括药用植物，但科学文献中很少有在库尔德斯坦进行的分散的民族植物学研究。因此，对库尔德民族植物学的研究可能对了解当地药用植物的用途及其与周围地区的关系至关重要。因此，本调查的目的是记录库尔德斯坦南部治疗师使用的传统药用植物。2014年和2015年期间，进行了民族植物学调查，以记录苏莱曼尼亚省传统治疗师使用药用植物的传统知识。数据是通过采访45名保留药用植物传统知识的传统治疗师（36名男性和9名女性，年龄在25岁至80岁之间）收集的。对所纳入的药用植物进行分类群利用价值（UV）的测定和信息一致因子（ICF）的计算。进行了进一步的分析，将野外数据与库尔德民族植物学文献进行比较。目前的研究共发现了66种植物，属于34个植物科的63属，用于治疗89种不同类型的疾病。最重要的科是蓝科（7种），其次是蜂科、菊科和豆科（各6种）。最常使用的部分是叶子（46%），其次是花（15%）和种子（10%）。最常见的制备方法是煎煮（68%），而少数分类群作为蔬菜食用（13%）或以粉末形式摄入（10%）。呼吸问题类别的ICF值最高（0.68），其次是炎症和妇女疾病（分别为0.58和0.54）。紫外光值最高的植物分别是姜（0.48）、甘菊（0.37）、金毛蕨（0.31）、百里草（0.31）和茴香草（0.31）。与以前在库尔德斯坦（特别是在今天的土耳其境内）和周边地区进行的民族植物学研究的比较表明，目前调查中记录的几种药用植物报告对库尔德民族医学来说是新的，它们可能受到其他学术医学传统的影响。目前的研究表明，该地区药用植物知识丰富。该地区传统医者所报告的信息，对跨文化民族植物学和民族药理学领域的进一步研究具有宝贵的价值。
Medicinal plants still play an important role in the Kurdish community. Sulaymaniyah Province in South Kurdistan (Iraq) has a great diversity of plants, including medicinal plants, yet very few scattered ethnobotanical studies conducted in Kurdistan are available in the scientific literature. Thus the study of Kurdish ethnobotany may be crucial for understanding local medicinal plant uses and their relationships to surrounding areas. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to document traditional medicinal plant uses among healers of southern Kurdistan. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted to document traditional knowledge on medicinal plants uses among traditional healers in the Province of Sulaymaniyah during 2014 and 2015. The data were collected by interviewing 45 traditional healers (36 males and 9 females between the ages of 25 and 80 years) who retain traditional knowledge on medicinal plants. Furthermore, the use value (UV) of taxa was determined and informant consensus factor (ICF) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study. Further analysis was carried out to compare the field data with the Kurdish ethnobotanical literature. The present study found a total of sixty-six plant species, belonging to sixty-three genera within thirty-four plant families, used to treat ninghty-nine different types of ailments and diseases. The most important family was Lamiaceae (7 species), followed by Apiaceae, Asteraceae, and Fabaceae (6 species each). The most frequently used parts were leaves (46 %), followed by flowers (15 %), and seeds (10 %). The most common preparation method was decoction (68 %), whereas few taxa were consumed as a vegetable (13 %) or ingested in powder form (10 %). The respiratory issues category had the highest ICF value (0.68), followed by inflammations and women’s diseases (0.58 and 0.54, respectively). The highest UVs were recorded for the species Zingiber officinale (0.48), Matricaria chamomilla (0.37), Adiantum capillus-veneris (0.31), Thymus vulgaris (0.31) and Pimpinella anisum (0.31). A comparison with previous ethnobotanical studies conducted in Kurdistan (especially within the territory of present-day Turkey) and surrounding areas showed that several medicinal plant reports recorded in the current investigation are new to Kurdish ethnomedicine, and that they have possibly been influenced by other scholarly medical traditions. The present study demonstrates that the area is rich in medicinal plant knowledge. The information reported by the traditional healers of this region is invaluable for further research in the field of cross-cultural ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology.