Permeation cascades for the separation of krypton and xenon from nuclear reactor atmospheres
Permeation cascades for the separation of krypton and xenon from nuclear reactor atmospheres
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用于从核反应堆气氛中分离氪和氙的渗透级联
DOI：
10.1002/aic.690260603
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. A. Stern;S.
多级渗透级联已被设计用于从核反应堆大气中去除放射性氪和氙。这些级联可用于核事故后对反应堆安全壳圆顶内的大气进行净化，并用于核工业感兴趣的其他应用。假设级联的级由使用硅橡胶毛细管作为分离膜的渗透器模块组成。所有阶段均采用壳程进料的逆流模式操作。
它示出，它是可能的，以设计一个理想的级联分离的多组分混合物，通过匹配一个合适的关键组分的浓度在级间流混合。此程序可使级联体积和功率要求最小化。也可以设计在其浓缩和汽提段具有恒定级切割的级联，其接近理想级联的性能。在27级渗透级联中，在空气中含有约1 × 10−3 mol% Kr和1 × 10−2 mol% Kr的进料混合物的氪和氙含量可以分别降低103和108倍。讨论了减少膜段数的方法和辐照对膜性能的影响。
Multistage permeation cascades have been designed for the removal of radioactive krypton and xenon from nuclear reactor atmospheres. These cascades could serve for the decontamination of the atmosphere within a reactor containment dome following a nuclear accident and for other applications of interest to the nuclear industry. The stages of the cascades are assumed to consist of permeator modules using silicone rubber capillaries as separation membranes. All stages are to be operated in a countercurrent mode with shell-side feed.
It is shown that it is possible to design an ideal cascade for the separation of multicomponent mixtures by matching the concentrations of a suitable key component in interstage streams that are mixed. This procedure minimizes the cascade volume and power requirement. It is also possible to design a cascade with constant stage cuts in its enriching and stripping sections that approximates the performance of an ideal cascade. The krypton and xenon content of a feed mixture containing about 1 × 10−3 mol% Kr and 1 × 10−2 mol% Xe in air can be lowered by factors of 103 and 108 respectively in a 27-stage permeation cascade. Methods of reducing the number of stages and the effects of irradiation on the membrane performance are also discussed.