Trends in the Educational Gradient of US Adult Mortality From 1986 Through 2006 by Race, Gender, and Age Group
Trends in the Educational Gradient of US Adult Mortality From 1986 Through 2006 by Race, Gender, and Age Group
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DOI：
10.1177/0164027510392388
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rogers, Richard G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Montez, Jennifer Karas;Hummer, Robert A.;Rogers, Richard G.
从1960年到1980年代中期，美国成年人死亡率的教育梯度变得更陡，但由于自那时以来对这些趋势缺乏关注，它是否继续变陡就不那么清楚了。这项研究提供了关于1986年至2006年非西班牙裔白人和黑人种族，性别和年龄之间教育死亡率梯度趋势的新证据，这些数据来自2010年发布的全国健康访谈调查相关死亡率文件。结果表明，对于白色和黑人男性，年龄越大，梯度越陡，因为受教育程度越高，死亡风险的下降幅度越大。白色妇女的死亡率梯度变陡，而黑人妇女的程度较小，因为受过大学教育的妇女死亡率风险降低，但高中文凭以下的妇女死亡率风险增加。高等教育的更大回报和教育阶层内的组成变化可能促成了这一趋势。
The educational gradient of U.S. adult mortality became steeper between 1960 and the mid-1980s, but whether it continued to steepen is less clear given a dearth of attention to these trends since then. This study provides new evidence on trends in the education-mortality gradient from 1986 through 2006 by race, gender, and age among non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks using data from the 2010 release of the National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality File. Results show that for White and Black men, the gradient steepened among older ages because declines in mortality risk across education levels were greater among the higher educated. The gradient steepened among White women, and to a lesser extent among Black women, because mortality risk decreased among the college-educated but increased among women with less than a high school diploma. Greater returns to higher education and compositional changes within educational strata likely contributed to the trends.