Self-rated health among university students in relation to sense of coherence and other personality traits
Self-rated health among university students in relation to sense of coherence and other personality traits
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DOI：
10.1046/j.0283-9318.2003.00234.x
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Fridlund, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Bothmer, MIK;Fridlund, B
本研究的目的是确定学生的自评健康与连贯性和其他人格特质的关系。研究采用横断面描述性设计，以问卷调查作为数据收集的手段。研究人群包括来自瑞典南部一所小型大学的学生的随机分层样本。获得了副校长的道德批准，并尊重了知情同意、保密、隐私和自决等问题。两种工具用于数据收集; 29项一致性感（SOC）量表，以及为本研究创建的工具，名为人格和健康工具，包含52个问题。自评健康是通过健康投诉的倒数来估计的。因素分析确定了七个因素与人格特质，三个最重要的是坚韧，积极的情感/乐观和A型人格。人格特质变量进行了测试，相互之间的相关性，以及与自测健康。SOC的平均得分是相似的女性和男性学生，但SOC和自我评价的健康之间的正相关，发现只有女性。乐观与女学生较少的健康投诉有关。A型人格与女性和男性的健康状况都有关系。人格特质SOC、积极情感/乐观、坚韧性和疏离感之间存在高度的内部相关。SOC规模讨论性别特异性和方法和概念混淆。SOC、乐观、坚韧、敌对与健康的关系有待进一步研究。本研究的意义在于对自组织知觉工具的有效性和特异性提出了质疑，并为今后发展连贯感概念和工具的研究提供了思路。
The aim of the study was to determine students' self-rated health in relation to sense of coherence and other personality traits. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used with questionnaires as the means of data collection. The study population comprised a randomized stratified sample of students from a small university in southern Sweden. Ethical approval was obtained from the vice chancellor, and the issues of informed consent, confidentiality, privacy and self-determination were respected. Two instruments were used for data collection; the 29-item Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale, and an instrument created for this Study, named Personality and Health Instrument, containing 52 questions. Self-rated health was estimated by inverse number of health complaints. A factor analysis identified seven factors related to personality traits; the three most important were hardiness, positive affect/optimism and Type A personality. The personality trait variables were tested for correlation with each other as well as with self-rated health. The mean score for SOC was similar for female and male students, but a positive association between SOC and self-rated health was found only among women. Optimism was associated with less health complaints among female students. Type A personality was associated with poorer health both among women and men. The personality traits SOC, positive affect/optimism, hardiness and alienation showed high internal correlations. The SOC scale is discussed in relation to gender specificity and in relation to methodological and conceptual confounding. Further research is needed to explore the relation between SOC, optimism, hardiness, hostility and health. The significance of the study is that it raises questions about the validity and specificity of the SOC instrument and provides ideas for future research to develop the sense of coherence concept and instrument.