Measles virus-mononuclear cell interactions.
Measles virus-mononuclear cell interactions.
复制标题
麻疹病毒-单核细胞相互作用。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-78621-1_6
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Oldstone,MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borrow,P;Oldstone,MB
免疫系统已经进化到保护身体免受病原体的侵害;同时，包括病毒在内的病原体已经开发出各种巧妙的策略来干扰免疫防御机制，从而促进它们在个体或群体水平上的持久性。因此，感染的结果取决于病原体和免疫系统细胞之间的双向相互作用。麻疹是病毒诱导的免疫抑制现象首次得到证实的感染：VON PIROUET（1908）观察到，在急性麻疹病毒感染过程中，免疫个体的结核菌素皮肤试验反应短暂降低，从出疹前到出疹后7-20天或更长时间。这一发现被用于治疗肾病综合征（BLUMBERG and CASSADY 1947）。Smellow Wick和Berkovich（1969）扩展了VON PIROUET在体外系统中的初步观察，证明在急性麻疹感染过程中分离的免疫淋巴细胞对结核菌素的增殖反应受到抑制。研究进一步表明，这种抑制作用实际上是由麻疹病毒引起的，因为在体外用麻疹病毒培养淋巴细胞，抑制了它们对结核菌素抗原或有丝分裂原的增殖反应（SMWICK and BERKOVICH 1969; ZWEIMAN 1971）。同样，皮肤试验应答和体外T细胞增殖
The immune system has evolved to defend the body from pathogens; and concurrently pathogens, including viruses, have developed a variety of ingenious strategies to interfere with the immune defense mechanisms and hence promote their persistence at the individual or population level. The outcome of an infection is thus dependent on a two-way interaction between the pathogen and cells of the immune system.Measles was the infection with which the phenomenon of virus-induced immunosuppression was first demonstrated: VON PIROUET (1908) observed that the tuberculin skin test response of immune individuals was transiently depressed during the course of acute measles virus infection, from just prior to the rash until 7-20 or moredays following its appearance. This finding was exploited therapeutically for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome (BLUMBERG and CASSADY 1947). SMITHWICK and BERKOVICH (1969) extended VON PIROUET'S initial observations in an in vitro system, demonstrating that the proliferative response to tuberculin of immune lymphocytes isolated during the course of acute measles infection is depressed. It was further shown that this suppression was actually due to the virus, as culture of lymphocytes with measles virus in vitro suppressed their proliferative response to tuberculin antigen or a mitogen (SMITHWICK and BERKOVICH 1969; ZWEIMAN 1971). Likewise skin test responses and in vitro T cell proliferation