Short 5′ Untranslated Region Enables Optimal Translation of Plant Virus Tricistronic RNA via Leaky Scanning
Short 5′ Untranslated Region Enables Optimal Translation of Plant Virus Tricistronic RNA via Leaky Scanning
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短 5 英寸非翻译区可通过漏扫描实现植物病毒三顺反子 RNA 的最佳翻译
DOI：
10.1128/jvi.02144-21
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Namba, Shigetou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujimoto, Yuji;Keima, Takuya;Hashimoto, Masayoshi;Hagiwara-Komoda, Yuka;Hosoe, Naoi;Nishida, Shuko;Nijo, Takamichi;Oshima, Kenro;Verchot, Jeanmarie;Namba, Shigetou
不管真核细胞中的一般翻译模型如何，许多研究表明许多mRNA编码多种蛋白质。漏扫描技术通过通读上游开放阅读框（ORF）为下游ORF提供核糖体，在翻译多顺反子mRNA方面具有很大的潜力。然而，控制漏扫描的mRNA元件及其生物学相关性很少被阐明，除了Kozak序列。在这里，我们分析了植物RNA病毒的策略，翻译三个运动蛋白从一个单一的RNA分子通过泄漏扫描。植物和体外结果表明，最上游ORF的显著较短的5′非翻译区（UTR）促进了漏扫描，潜在地微调了单个RNA分子中三种蛋白的翻译效率以优化病毒繁殖。我们的研究结果表明，非常短的长度的前导序列，像Kozak序列，是一个翻译调控元件，具有生物学上的重要作用，因为以前的研究已经表明biochemical.IMPORTANCEPotexvirus，一组植物病毒，感染各种作物，包括栽培作物。据认为，马铃薯X病毒的细胞间转移所必需的三种过渡蛋白是从两种亚基因组RNA sgRNA1和sgRNA2翻译而来的。然而，sgRNA2尚未被清楚地检测到。在这项研究中，我们已经表明，sgRNA1，而不是sgRNA2，是三个运动蛋白的主要翻译模板。此外，我们确定了sgRNA1在flexiviruses中的转录起始位点，发现sgRNA1的短5′ UTR（一个广泛保守的特征）导致的漏扫描效率调节了三种运动蛋白的翻译。当我们测试在5′ UTR长度上引入突变的病毒的感染时，我们发现病毒的移动效率受到影响。我们的研究结果为包括马铃薯X病毒在内的柔性病毒的蛋白质翻译策略提供了重要的补充信息，并为研究其控制以及重新评估短5′ UTR作为体内重要作用的翻译调控元件的必要性提供了基础。
Regardless of the general model of translation in eukaryotic cells, a number of studies suggested that many mRNAs encode multiple proteins. Leaky scanning, which supplies ribosomes to downstream open reading frames (ORFs) by readthrough of upstream ORFs, has great potential to translate polycistronic mRNAs. However, the mRNA elements controlling leaky scanning and their biological relevance have rarely been elucidated, with exceptions such as the Kozak sequence. Here, we have analyzed the strategy of a plant RNA virus to translate three movement proteins from a single RNA molecule through leaky scanning. Thein plantaandin vitroresults indicate thatthe significantly shorter 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of the most upstream ORF promotes leaky scanning, potentially fine-tuning the translation efficiency of the three proteins in a single RNA molecule to optimize viral propagation. Our results suggest that the remarkably short length of the leader sequence, like the Kozak sequence, is a translational regulatory element with a biologically important role, as previous studies have shown biochemically.IMPORTANCEPotexvirus, a group of plant viruses, infect a variety of crops, including cultivated crops. It has been thought that the three transition proteins that are essential for the cell-to-cell transfer of potexviruses are translated from two subgenomic RNAs, sgRNA1 and sgRNA2. However, sgRNA2 has not been clearly detected. In this study, we have shown that sgRNA1, but not sgRNA2, is the major translation template for the three movement proteins. In addition, we determined the transcription start site of sgRNA1 in flexiviruses and found that the efficiency of leaky scanning caused by the short 5′ UTR of sgRNA1, a widely conserved feature, regulates the translation of the three movement proteins. When we tested the infection of viruses with mutations introduced into the length of the 5′ UTR, we found that the movement efficiency of the virus was affected. Our results provide important additional information on the protein translation strategy of flexiviruses, includingPotexvirus, and provide a basis for research on their control as well as the need to reevaluate the short 5′ UTR as a translational regulatory element with an important rolein vivo.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Chou YL;Hung YJ;Tseng YH;Hsu HT;Yang JY;Wung CH;Lin NS;Meng M;Hsu YH;Chang BY
通讯作者：
Chang BY
影响因子：
5
作者：
S. Kagiwada;Y. Yamaji;K. Komatsu;Shuichiro Takahashi;Takuma Mori;H. Hirata;Masashi Suzuki;M. Ugaki-M.
通讯作者：
S. Kagiwada;Y. Yamaji;K. Komatsu;Shuichiro Takahashi;Takuma Mori;H. Hirata;Masashi Suzuki;M. Ugaki-M.
短前导序列会损害真核核糖体起始的保真度。
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kozak,M
通讯作者：
Kozak,M
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Miyashita, Shuhei;Kishino, Hirohisa
通讯作者：
Kishino, Hirohisa
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Chiu, WL;Niwa, Y;Sheen, J
通讯作者：
Sheen, J