Immunology of neuromyelitis optica: a T cell-B cell collaboration.

Immunology of neuromyelitis optica: a T cell-B cell collaboration.
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DOI:
10.1111/nyas.12118
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发表时间:
2013-04
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Korn T
Korn T
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mitsdoerffer M;Kuchroo V;Korn T

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视神经脊髓炎 (NMO) 是一种使人衰弱的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 自身免疫性炎症性疾病,与多发性硬化症 (MS) 不同。在 NMO(而非 MS)患者血清中发现 NMO-IgG,是定义 NMO 诊断标准的突破。 NMO-IgG 是一种针对星形胶质细胞水通道蛋白水通道蛋白-4 (AQP4) 的抗体。虽然有证据表明 NMO-IgG 也参与介导中枢神经系统组织损伤,但 NMO 致病级联的许多方面仍有待确定。很明显,抗原特异性 T 细胞有助于外周免疫区室中 NMO-IgG 的生成,以及 CNS 中 NMO 病变的发展。 T 辅助细胞 17 既能提供 B 细胞帮助,又能诱导组织炎症,可能参与 NMO 的发育和发病机制。在这里,我们回顾了 NMO 的免疫学方面,并透视了中枢神经系统自身免疫中 T-B 细胞合作生物学的最新发现。
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a debilitating autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS). The discovery of NMO-IgG in the serum of NMO, but not MS, patients was a breakthrough in defining diagnostic criteria for NMO. NMO-IgG is an antibody directed against the astrocytic water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4). While there is evidence that NMO-IgG is also involved in mediating tissue damage in the CNS, many aspects of the pathogenic cascade in NMO remain to be determined. It is clear that antigen-specific T cells contribute to the generation of NMO-IgG in the peripheral immune compartment, as well as to the development of NMO lesions in the CNS. T helper 17 cells, equipped both in providing B cell help and inducing tissue inflammation, may be involved in NMO development and pathogenesis. Here, we review immunologic aspects of NMO, placing recent findings the biology of T–B cell cooperation in autoimmunity of the CNS into perspective.
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