A cellular and molecular analysis of SoxB-driven neurogenesis in a cnidarian.
A cellular and molecular analysis of SoxB-driven neurogenesis in a cnidarian.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.78793
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发表时间：
2022-05-24
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Bronner, Marianne E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chrysostomou, Eleni;Flici, Hakima;Gornik, Sebastian G.;Salinas-Saavedra, Miguel;Gahan, James M.;McMahon, Emma T.;Thompson, Kerry;Hanley, Shirley;Kincoyne, Michelle;Schnitzler, Christine E.;Gonzalez, Paul;Baxevanis, Andreas D.;Frank, Uri;Bronner, Marianne E.
神经发生是从干细胞产生神经元的过程，在许多动物中，这是一个受SoxB转录因子（TF）调节的过程。虽然这些TF的作用在双侧性动物中已经被很好地理解，但它们的神经功能是如何进化的还不清楚。在这里，我们使用Hydractinia symbiolongarpus，早期分支的刺胞门的成员，提供深入了解这个问题。使用mRNA原位杂交，转基因，基因敲低，转录组学和体内成像的组合，我们提供了一个全面的分子和细胞分析的神经发生在胚胎发育，稳态，再生在这种动物。我们表明，SoxB基因的行为顺序至少在某些情况下。表达Piwi1和Soxb1的干细胞具有广泛的发育潜力，在分化为成熟神经细胞之前成为表达Soxb2的神经祖细胞。敲除SoxB基因导致胚胎神经发生的复杂缺陷。水螅神经细胞在从动物的背口向口端迁移时分化，但尚不清楚迁移本身或暴露于不同的微环境是否是其命运决定的主要驱动因素。我们的数据为旨在解决这个问题的研究提供了丰富的资源，这个问题是理解动物神经系统起源和发展的核心。
Neurogenesis is the generation of neurons from stem cells, a process that is regulated by SoxB transcription factors (TFs) in many animals. Although the roles of these TFs are well understood in bilaterians, how their neural function evolved is unclear. Here, we use Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus, a member of the early-branching phylum Cnidaria, to provide insight into this question. Using a combination of mRNA in situ hybridization, transgenesis, gene knockdown, transcriptomics, and in vivo imaging, we provide a comprehensive molecular and cellular analysis of neurogenesis during embryogenesis, homeostasis, and regeneration in this animal. We show that SoxB genes act sequentially at least in some cases. Stem cells expressing Piwi1 and Soxb1, which have broad developmental potential, become neural progenitors that express Soxb2 before differentiating into mature neural cells. Knockdown of SoxB genes resulted in complex defects in embryonic neurogenesis. Hydractinia neural cells differentiate while migrating from the aboral to the oral end of the animal, but it is unclear whether migration per se or exposure to different microenvironments is the main driver of their fate determination. Our data constitute a rich resource for studies aiming at addressing this question, which is at the heart of understanding the origin and development of animal nervous systems.