Physico-chemical features of engineered nanoparticles relevant to their toxicity
Physico-chemical features of engineered nanoparticles relevant to their toxicity
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DOI：
10.3109/17435390.2010.509519
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Fenoglio, Ivana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fubini, Bice;Ghiazza, Mara;Fenoglio, Ivana
纳米毒理学研究需要研究颗粒/体液相互作用的几个物理化学方面，这里根据新的实验数据回顾最近的文献进行描述。目前的表征主要包括形貌和与计量相关的特征(形态、化学成分、比表面积、初级颗粒尺寸和粒度分布)，在任何实验研究中都是强制性的。为了揭示毒性机制，需要评估与(GENO)毒性相关的其他几个物理化学性质，典型的是自由基/ROS(活性氧物种)的释放或猝灭，活性金属离子的存在，结构缺陷的证据。通过一些例子描述了物理化学家在研究纳米颗粒引起的遗传毒性方面的主要任务：(I)为同一材料量身定做不同尺寸的制备；(Ii)一次改变一种性质的颗粒修饰；以及(Iii)识别适当的参考物质。讨论了纳米颗粒与细胞介质或生物流体接触时发生的现象(分散、团聚/聚集、蛋白质吸附)与所考虑的纳米颗粒的表面性质的关系。
Nanotoxicology studies require investigations of several physico-chemical aspects of the particle/body fluid interaction, here described by reviewing recent literature in the light of new experimental data. Current characterization mostly covers morphology and metric-related characteristics (form, chemical composition, specific surface area, primary particle size and size distribution), and is mandatory in any experimental study. To unveil toxicity mechanisms, several other physico-chemical properties relevant to (geno) toxicity need to be assessed, typically the release or quenching of radical/ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), the presence of active metal ions, evidence of structural defects. Major tasks for physical chemists working on nanoparticles-induced genotoxicity are described with some examples: (i), Tailored preparation of the same material in different sizes; (ii) particle modification changing a single property at a time; and (iii) identification of appropriate reference materials. Phenomena occurring during the contact between nanoparticles and cellular media or biological fluids (dispersion, agglomeration/aggregation, protein adsorption) are discussed in relation to the surface properties of the nanoparticles considered.